帕累托改进原则能否应用于社会改革——实践的可行性和内在的保守性

发布时间：2018-05-09 03:15

本文选题：帕累托效率 + 意识形态　；参考：《学术月刊》2011年10期

【摘要】：现代主流经济学往往以帕累托效率原则来对制度安排进行评估和设计,但实际上,将帕累托优化作为制度改革的原则会遇到严重的问题。一方面,它的条件太强了会存在实践的可行性问题,因为不同帕累托改进取向及其带来的路径依赖等都会造成个体间的冲突,从而导致制度改革的滞后和停断;另一方面,它的条件太弱了会存在实践的保守性问题,因为帕累托改进只要求没有任何人遭受损失而没有考察收益的分配比例状况,从而在基于力量博弈的均衡理论指导下往往成为替既得利益者辩护的工具。现代主流经济学之所以崇尚帕累托改进原则,主要在于它是与自由交换信条相一致的,可以为个体主义方法论和市场竞争主义政策主张辩护。因此,从根本上说,帕累托效率是以原子个人主义的意识形态为前提的,但现代主流经济学又试图把它宣传成一种没有意识形态的纯技术性概念,从而凸显出"言"与"行"之间的不一致性。
[Abstract]:Modern mainstream economics often uses Pareto efficiency principle to evaluate and design institutional arrangements, but in fact, Pareto optimization as the principle of institutional reform will encounter serious problems. On the one hand, its conditions are too strong and there will be practical feasibility problems, because different Pareto improvement orientations and their path dependencies will lead to conflicts among individuals, which will lead to the lag and suspension of institutional reform; on the other hand, Its conditions are too weak to be conservative in practice, because the Pareto improvement only requires that no one suffers a loss and does not examine the distribution of benefits. Therefore, under the guidance of equilibrium theory based on power game, it is often a tool to defend vested interests. The main reason why modern mainstream economics advocates Pareto improvement principle is that it is consistent with free exchange creed and can defend individualism methodology and market competition policy. So, basically, Pareto efficiency is premised on the ideology of atomic individualism, but modern mainstream economics is trying to propagate it as a purely technical concept without ideology. Thus, the inconsistency between words and deeds is highlighted.
【作者单位】：中山大学岭南学院/经济研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“新时期中国民生保障体系建设研究”(10zd&038)的阶段性成果]
【分类号】：F091.3

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