我国基本科技公共服务均等化研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 21:55

本文选题：基本科技公共服务 + 均等化　；参考：《浙江财经学院》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国自改革开放以来经济社会发展迅速,但是却出现了经济水平快速增长与全体国民福利无普遍提高之间的矛盾,经济社会发展不均衡成了当前社会矛盾的一个突出焦点。中共十六届六中全会通过了《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》,明确指出:“要逐步实现基本公共服务均等化”。基本科技公共服务是基本公共服务的重要组成部分,它能够满足公众对科学知识和科学技能的基本需求,提高公民的科学素质,而科学知识和技能的增强可以改善公民生活质量、实现其全面发展,提升我国的综合国力解决我国目前发展中出现的一系列问题。目前,许多学者对基本公共服务均等化的各个方面进行了深入研究,但是系统的分析基本科技公共服务均等化的研究很少,本文也正是基于此作为写作出发点。本文通过分析2005年与2007年全国两次科普统计以及其他统计年鉴的数据,构建一套评估基本科技公共服务均等化的指标体系,对我国目前基本科技公共服务均等化的状况进行了测量,得出了人均科普经费补助、科普资源投入、科普活动展开和科普传媒发展在我国各地区之间、城乡之间存在着显著的差异。同时,分析了造成目前非均等化的原因主要包括传统的发展模式的“禁锢”、财政转移支付制度产生的弊端、科普传统和氛围的影响等历史因素以及现行基本科技公共服务供给机制的局限、“基本公共服务均等化”的层次性实现模式等现实因素。因此,要实现基本科技公共服务均等化,首先应在制度上得到保障,主要包括主要包括公共财政制度、转移支付制度和城乡协调发展制度;其次还需要良好的运行机制。这些机制主要包括:公众科技服务需求的偏好表露机制、政府官员的激励约束机制、基层科普服务运行机制、科普经费筹集机制。本文第一部分简要介绍选题的背景与意义、国内外研究现状、研究思路和方法、创新之处点和不足,第二部分是界定我国基本科技公共服务均等化的内涵,并阐述相关理论,在此基本上设计了一套评价基本科技公共服务均等化的指标体系,为论文研究奠定基础。第三部分通过大量的数据分别从地区之间、城乡之间,分析了我国目前基本科技公共服务均等化的状况,得出了地区之间、城乡之间非均等化的结论。第四部分别历史与现实两个角度对造成我国目前基本科技公共服务非均等化的原因进行分析。第五部提出了实现我国基本科技公共服务均等化的一些思路,主要从制度安排和机制运行两方面出发。
[Abstract]:China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening up, but there has been a contradiction between the rapid growth of economic level and the general improvement of the national welfare. The imbalance of economic and social development has become a prominent focus of the current social contradictions. The sixth Plenary session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adopted the "decision of the CPC Central Committee on several important issues concerning the Construction of a harmonious Socialist Society", which clearly pointed out: "the equalization of basic public services should be gradually realized." The basic science and technology public service is an important part of the basic public service. It can meet the basic needs of the public for scientific knowledge and scientific skills, and improve the citizens' scientific quality. The enhancement of scientific knowledge and skills can improve the quality of life of citizens, realize their all-round development, and promote the comprehensive national strength of our country to solve a series of problems in the current development of our country. At present, many scholars have carried on the thorough research to each aspect of the equalization of the basic public service, but the systematic analysis of the equalization of the basic science and technology public service is few, this paper is based on this as the starting point of writing. By analyzing the data of two national popular science statistics and other statistical yearbooks in 2005 and 2007, this paper constructs an index system to evaluate the equalization of basic science and technology public services. By measuring the status of equalization of basic science and technology public services in China at present, it is concluded that the per capita subsidy for science popularization funds, the input of science popularization resources, the launching of science popularization activities and the development of science popularization media are among the regions of our country. There are significant differences between urban and rural areas. At the same time, it analyzes the causes of the current non-equalization, including the "imprisonment" of the traditional development model and the malpractice of the financial transfer payment system. The historical factors such as the influence of popular science tradition and atmosphere, the limitation of the current public service supply mechanism of basic science and technology, the realization mode of "equalization of basic public service" and other realistic factors. Therefore, in order to realize the equalization of the basic science and technology public services, we should first ensure the system, mainly including the public finance system, the transfer payment system and the coordinated development system of urban and rural areas; secondly, we also need a good operating mechanism. These mechanisms mainly include: public demand for scientific and technological service preference disclosure mechanism, government officials' incentive and restraint mechanism, grass-roots science popularization service operation mechanism, science popularization funding mechanism. The first part of this paper briefly introduces the background and significance of the topic, the research situation at home and abroad, research ideas and methods, innovation points and shortcomings. The second part is to define the connotation of equalization of basic scientific and technological public services in China, and to elaborate relevant theories. In this paper, an index system for evaluating the equalization of basic scientific and technological public services is designed, which lays a foundation for the research of this paper. The third part analyzes the status of equalization of basic science and technology public services in our country through a large number of data, and draws the conclusion of non-equalization between regions and between urban and rural areas. The fourth part analyzes the causes of the non-equalization of the basic science and technology public services in China from the historical and realistic perspectives. The fifth part puts forward some ideas to realize the equalization of basic science and technology public services in China, mainly from the two aspects of system arrangement and mechanism operation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F062.6;G322

【引证文献】