中国环境污染损失测算及成因探析

发布时间：2018-07-01 21:27

本文选题：环境污染损失 + 制度缺陷　；参考：《中国人口.资源与环境》2011年12期

【摘要】：环境问题备受关注,环境污染严重影响中国经济的增长质量。本文采用治理成本法测算了1989-2008年中国环境污染造成的经济损失,利用环境污染经济损失数据,采用协整理论研究了中国环境污染损失与经济增长之间的关系。研究表明,我国经济总量与环境污染之间存在长期均衡关系,经济增长是造成环境污染的基础性原因,并且环境污染状况随经济增长仍有扩大的趋势,至今尚未出现环境库兹涅茨曲线拐点的迹象。然后,本文从产业结构、能源结构和效率角度揭示了环境污染的结构性成因。研究认为,高污染行业在整个国民经济中比重过大是造成环境污染的产业结构方面的成因;以煤炭为主的能源消费和高耗能产品增长过快是造成环境污染的能源结构成因;能源效率低下是造成环境污染的技术性成因;资源能源价格长期偏低和法律法规滞后是造成环境污染的制度性缺陷。最后,针对问题提出,只有切实转变经济增长方式,突出技术创新、健全市场机制、完善环境法规才是解决环境污染问题的根本出路。
[Abstract]:Environmental problems are concerned, environmental pollution seriously affects the quality of China's economic growth. In this paper, the economic losses caused by environmental pollution in China from 1989 to 2008 are calculated by using the method of management cost. The relationship between environmental pollution losses and economic growth in China is studied by using the data of economic losses caused by environmental pollution and cointegration theory. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the total amount of economy and environmental pollution in China. Economic growth is the basic cause of environmental pollution, and the situation of environmental pollution is still expanding with the economic growth. So far, there is no sign of the turning point of the environmental Kuznets curve. Then, this paper reveals the structural causes of environmental pollution from the perspective of industrial structure, energy structure and efficiency. It is believed that the excessive proportion of high pollution industry in the whole national economy is the cause of the industrial structure of environmental pollution, and the energy consumption and the high energy consumption products, which are mainly coal, are the causes of environmental pollution. Low energy efficiency is the technical cause of environmental pollution, and the low price of resources and energy and the lag of laws and regulations are the institutional defects of environmental pollution. Finally, it is pointed out that only by effectively changing the mode of economic growth, emphasizing technological innovation, perfecting market mechanism and perfecting environmental laws and regulations are the fundamental solutions to the problem of environmental pollution.
【作者单位】：石家庄经济学院;清华大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：河北省社会科学发展研究重点课题“河北省环境污染损失测算及其成因分析”(编号:201102026)
【分类号】：X196

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