区域间虚拟水贸易模型及其在山西省的应用

发布时间：2018-08-31 20:53

【摘要】：虚拟水贸易是实现水资源区域优化配置的重要途径之一,对区域间的虚拟水贸易现状进行分析,可为相关政策的制定提供依据。本研究基于区域间贸易模型和各地产业用水系数,构建虚拟水贸易模型,以模拟区域间的虚拟水贸易格局。选取山西省为案例区,利用中国环境统计年鉴、中国第二次经济普查年鉴等相关数据,计算山西省国民经济各部门的直接用水系数和完全用水系数,结合山西省与全国其他省区的贸易关系,估算山西与其他省区的虚拟水贸易量,揭示山西虚拟水贸易的空间格局。主要结论有:①2007年,山西省用水总量为58.71亿m3,通过工农业产品贸易共产生了1.53亿m3的虚拟水净调入量,对本省水资源短缺局面有缓解作用;②通过农业贸易净调入虚拟水4.89亿m3,主要来自于新疆、陕西、河北、安徽等省区;通过工业产品贸易净调出虚拟水3.36亿m3,主要调往河北、江苏、山东、湖北、浙江和广东等省;③山西省虚拟水的来源地主要是我国西部和东北地区,输出地则主要是东部沿海省份,与传统的虚拟水战略相违背;④在工业部门,主要的调出部门是能源相关行业,主要净调入部门则是制造业。建议山西省积极推行虚拟水政策,发展节水产业,通过工农业产品贸易从水资源丰富的地区调入虚拟水,形成具有可持续性的水资源利用空间格局。
[Abstract]:Virtual water trade is one of the important ways to realize the optimal allocation of water resources. The analysis of the status quo of virtual water trade among regions can provide the basis for the formulation of relevant policies. Based on the interregional trade model and the industrial water consumption coefficient, the virtual water trade model is constructed to simulate the virtual water trade pattern between regions. This paper selects Shanxi Province as a case study area, calculates the direct water use coefficient and the complete water use coefficient of each department of the national economy of Shanxi Province by using the relevant data such as the China Environment Statistics Yearbook and the Yearbook of the second Economic Census of China, etc. Combined with the trade relationship between Shanxi and other provinces and regions in China, the volume of virtual water trade between Shanxi and other provinces is estimated, and the spatial pattern of Shanxi virtual water trade is revealed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in 2007, the total amount of water used in Shanxi Province was 5.871 billion m3, which resulted in 153 million m3 of virtual net water inflow through the trade of industrial and agricultural products, which can alleviate the shortage of water resources in this province; (2) net transfer of 489 million m3 of virtual water from agricultural trade, mainly from Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Hebei and Anhui provinces, and 336 million m3 of virtual water from trade in industrial products, mainly to Hebei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hubei, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces; (3) the source of virtual water in Shanxi Province is mainly in the western and northeast regions of China, and the export is mainly in the eastern coastal provinces, which is contrary to the traditional virtual water strategy in the industrial sector, and the main output sector is the energy-related industry. The main net transfer sector was manufacturing. It is suggested that Shanxi Province should actively promote virtual water policy, develop water saving industry and transfer industrial and agricultural products from regions with abundant water resources to form a sustainable spatial pattern of water resources utilization.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院研究生院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41125005) 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(编号:20100480438) 北京大学—林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心论文奖学金资助项目
【分类号】：F062.1

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