市场失灵的迷思

发布时间：2018-10-20 09:13

【摘要】：从凯恩斯开始,经济学思想发生了巨大的转变,开始流行着一种这样的观点,市场不是万能的,市场出现了"失灵"并需要政府的干预。美国次贷危机由恶化而迅速地演变为一场全球性的金融危机。在此背景下,各国政府认为"救市"已刻不容缓,纷纷采取了强力干预市场的措施,期望通过政府干预,让市场重新回到稳定发展的轨道上来。然而,市场失灵也许只是由一些被称为"经济学家"的人强加给市场的不实的罪名,充其量只能算作是某些经济学家的"猜想"或"臆想"。而这个猜想却犯了一种常见的、被称之为"归因谬误"的逻辑错误,即将没有因果关系的不同现象错误地联系到了一起。人类理性是推动人类社会进步的力量,但对理性的过分夸大只会招致灾难。历史上,自负的理性不但没有对社会的进步起到推动作用,反而极大地破坏和阻碍了它的健康发展。我们愿意相信,21世纪的世界经济方向只能是越来越市场导向的,而不是相反。
[Abstract]:From Keynes onwards, the economic thought has taken place the huge transformation, began to popularize the idea that the market is not omnipotent, the market appeared "the failure" and needed the government intervention. The subprime mortgage crisis in the United States has evolved rapidly from deterioration into a global financial crisis. In this context, the governments of various countries believe that "rescuing the market" is urgent, and have taken strong measures to intervene in the market one after another, hoping to return the market to the track of stable development through government intervention. However, market failure may only be a false charge imposed on the market by some people known as "economists", or at best can be regarded as "conjecture" or "conjecture" by some economists. This conjecture, however, makes a common logical error, called the attribution fallacy, which incorrectly relates different phenomena without causality. Human reason is the power to promote the progress of human society, but exaggerating rationality will only lead to disaster. In history, conceited rationality has not only failed to promote social progress, but has greatly undermined and hindered its healthy development. We are willing to believe that the world economy of the 21st century can only be more market oriented, not the opposite.
【作者单位】：山东大学经济学院;
【分类号】：F091.3

【共引文献】