青虾池塘养殖环境效率分析

发布时间：2018-11-16 21:27

【摘要】：为以环境友好型效率标准合理引导青虾池塘养殖生产活动,将淡水养殖对环境的影响纳入效率研究的范畴,以青虾池塘养殖为例,分别运用SBM模型和CCR模型,计算了青虾池塘养殖的环境效率和经济效率,以及各投入要素的使用情况。并运用相关分析、配对样本T检验和方差齐次性检验等技术进行比较研究。研究结果表明:当前我国青虾池塘养殖的环境效率(考虑环境因素的经济效率)仅为0.476 9,而传统的经济效率(不考虑环境因素的经济效率)为0.696 7,前者显著低于后者,且波动性更强。所有的要素投入都存在过量现象。除电费、虾苗和药物投入外,其他各项投入在环境效率中的过量程度均大于经济效率;具有固定成本性质的投入品,如劳动力投入和机械投入的过量程度更为严重;利用率过低致使肥料投入过量程度高于饲料投入。农户资源配置过程中忽视环境成本是根本原因,应引起高度重视。
[Abstract]:In order to reasonably guide shrimp pond culture activities with the environmental friendly efficiency standard, the effect of freshwater culture on the environment was brought into the scope of efficiency study. Taking shrimp pond culture as an example, SBM model and CCR model were used respectively. The environmental and economic efficiency of shrimp culture in ponds and the use of input elements were calculated. Correlation analysis, paired sample T test and variance homogeneity test were used to compare and study. The results show that the environmental efficiency (economic efficiency considering environmental factors) is only 0.476 9, while the traditional economic efficiency (not considering environmental factors) is 0.696 7. The former is significantly lower than the latter and more volatile. There is an excess of all factor inputs. With the exception of electricity, shrimp seedling and drug input, the excess of other inputs in environmental efficiency is higher than that in economic efficiency, and the input with fixed cost, such as labor force input and mechanical input, is more serious. The utilization rate was too low, so the excessive degree of fertilizer input was higher than that of feed input. The fundamental reason of neglecting the environmental cost in the process of resource allocation of farmers should be attached great importance to.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学经济管理学院;中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71273135)“罗非鱼产业技术效率与市场竞争力研究”
【分类号】：X714;X196

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