经济危机“比例失调论”的现代阐释——基于广义系统论视角

发布时间：2018-11-21 15:40

【摘要】：传统观点认为,资本主义基本矛盾必然导致整个社会生产处于无序状态,进而社会生产比例失调,爆发经济危机。然而,根据广义系统论——耗散结构论和协同学的理论,开放性和非平衡性是系统从无序走向有序的前提和基本条件;同时,在复杂的系统内部,各子系统的协同行为产生出超越各要素自身的单独作用,从而形成整个系统的统一作用和联合作用。资本主义经济系统是一个典型的耗散结构,具有系统内部各经济主体协同性的特征。资本主义经济系统的开放性、内部各个组成部分之间的非线性关系,满足自组织系统成立的必要条件。虽然生产决策由单个资本家作出,但是他们会受到利润率的支配,其行为是一个不断试错的过程。通过生产者之间、生产者与劳动者之间的竞争和协作,资本主义经济系统的有序状态有可能自发形成,其关键在于资本主义经济系统中支配各子系统行为的"序参量"能否形成,利润率便充当了资本主义经济系统"序参量"这一角色。
[Abstract]:The traditional view holds that the basic contradiction of capitalism will inevitably lead to the disorder of the whole social production, and then the imbalance of the proportion of social production and the outbreak of economic crisis. However, according to the generalized system theory-dissipative structure theory and the theory of Synergetics, openness and non-equilibrium are the premise and basic condition for the system to move from disorder to order. At the same time, in the complex system, the cooperative behavior of each subsystem produces a single action beyond each element itself, thus forming the unified and joint action of the whole system. Capitalist economic system is a typical dissipative structure, which has the characteristics of synergy among various economic entities in the system. The openness of the capitalist economic system and the nonlinear relationship between the various components of the capitalist system satisfy the necessary conditions for the establishment of the self-organizing system. Although production decisions are made by individual capitalists, they are subject to profit margins, and their behavior is a constant trial and error process. Through competition and cooperation among producers and between producers and workers, the orderly state of the capitalist economic system may spontaneously form. The key lies in whether the "order parameter" which governs the behavior of each subsystem in the capitalist economic system can be formed, and the profit rate acts as the "order parameter" of the capitalist economic system.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学马克思主义研究院;
【分类号】：F039

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