基于低碳成本计算的城市交通结构优化研究

发布时间：2019-03-21 17:35

【摘要】：本文通过分析城市交通结构优化问题的基本概念和基础理论,创新思维将低碳成本概念作为城市交通结构优化的重要目标,引入其中。碳排放问题作为一个全球性的热点问题,如何将其合理量化是一大难点,低碳成本概念的提出,可以作为研究该问题的一个有利补充。本文首先分析城市交通碳排放量计算方法,构建了碳排放量计算模型,进而提出了低碳成本的概念,并构建低碳成本计算模型,然后将模型引入城市交通结构优化问题,构建基于低碳成本计算的城市交通结构优化模型,最后对模型进行了理论和现实应用两个层面的分析。其核心工作主要集中在两块：第一,构建低碳成本计算模型。在这一部分里,关键和难点是碳排放量的估算,本文通过构建碳排放量估算模型,进而编制了城市交通碳排放量计算软件。运用该软件,一方面可以估算目标函数城市碳排放量,另一方面也为低碳成本概念提出提供了支撑。第二,构建基于低碳成本计算的城市交通结构优化模型。这是整个论文的重点和难点,其关键点是有两个：其一,如何准确的确定目标函数。本文最终以可达性、机动性和生态可持续性作为三个重要的目标,以其三者综合效用最大为最终目标函数。其二,如何将低碳成本概念引入优化模型中。本文借鉴重力模型,将低碳成本最小作为生态可持续的条件引入其中。最后,以世界银行项目委托项目《上海市长宁区低碳项目甄别报告》中的数据为依托,本论文对模型进行实证分析,以检验模型的实际应用性和扩展性。本研究成果对于政府机关及科研机构在新时期考虑碳排放问题的城市规划及交通规划方面的研究及决策工作具有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:By analyzing the basic concept and basic theory of urban traffic structure optimization, this paper introduces the concept of low-carbon cost as an important objective of urban traffic structure optimization through innovative thinking. Carbon emission as a global hot issue, how to quantify it reasonably is a major difficulty. The concept of low carbon cost can be used as a beneficial supplement to the study of this problem. This paper first analyzes the calculation method of urban traffic carbon emissions, constructs a carbon emission calculation model, then puts forward the concept of low-carbon cost, and constructs a low-carbon cost calculation model, and then introduces the model into the optimization of urban traffic structure. The optimization model of urban traffic structure based on low-carbon cost calculation is constructed. Finally, the theoretical and practical application of the model is analyzed. The core work is mainly focused on two parts: first, building a low-carbon cost calculation model. In this part, the key and difficulty is the estimation of carbon emissions. This paper constructs a carbon emission estimation model, and then compiles the calculation software of urban traffic carbon emissions. On the one hand, this software can be used to estimate the target function of urban carbon emissions, on the other hand, it also provides support for the concept of low-carbon cost. Secondly, the urban traffic structure optimization model based on low-carbon cost calculation is constructed. This is the focus and difficulty of the whole paper, the key point is two: first, how to determine the objective function accurately. In this paper, reachability, mobility and ecological sustainability are regarded as three important goals, and the ultimate objective function is the maximum comprehensive utility of the three. Second, how to introduce the concept of low-carbon cost into the optimization model. In this paper, using gravity model for reference, the minimum low-carbon cost is introduced as a condition of ecological sustainability. Finally, based on the data from the World Bank commissioned project "low carbon Project screening report in Changning District of Shanghai", this paper makes an empirical analysis of the model to test the practical application and expansibility of the model. The results of this study can be used as reference for the research and decision-making of urban planning and transportation planning considering carbon emissions in the new period of government and scientific research institutions.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：U12;X196

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