基于GREET的纯电动公交车与传统公交车全生命周期评估

发布时间：2018-02-02 06:25

本文关键词： 全生命周期评估 GREET模型传统柴油公交纯电动公交　出处：《环境科学研究》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着纯电动公交车在城市公共交通中应用越来越广泛,需要对纯电动公交车和传统柴油公交车进行全生命周期评估,并分析推广纯电动公交的可行性.通过美国阿贡实验室开发的GREET(greenhouse gases,regulated emissions,and energy use in transportation model)软件,充分考虑油井-油泵、公交车运行、车身系统制造、液体系统制造、ADR(装配、报废和回收质量)以及电池制造等6个阶段能耗,结合公交车车型信息和路况信息,构建公交模型,并对公交模型进行能耗模拟、排放物模拟和经济效益评估.结果表明,若车身长度为12 m,车身质量为18 t时,纯电动公交车运行过程能耗仅占其总能耗的31.1%.相较于传统公交车,纯电动公交车全生命周期能耗减少29.1%,全生命周期内VOC、CO、NO_x等污染物排放量分别减少8.7%、36.7%、50.2%,温室气体CO_2的排放量减少19.7%.若公交车队规模为20辆,纯电动公交车使用年限为8 a,则纯电动公交车比例需超过12.7%才能实现盈利,单辆纯电动公交车若实现盈利至少需要3 a.
[Abstract]:With the application of pure electric bus in urban public transportation, it is necessary to evaluate the whole life cycle of pure electric bus and traditional diesel bus. The feasibility of popularizing pure electric bus is analyzed. GREET(greenhouse gas regulated emissions is developed by Argonne Laboratory. And energy use in transportation model software, fully considering the oil well-oil pump, bus operation, body system manufacturing. The six stages of energy consumption, such as assembly, scrap and recycling quality of liquid system manufacturing and battery manufacturing, are combined with bus type information and road condition information to build a public transport model. The energy consumption simulation, emission simulation and economic benefit evaluation of the bus model are carried out. The results show that if the body length is 12 m, the body mass is 18 t. Compared with the traditional bus, the energy consumption of the whole life cycle of the pure electric bus is reduced by 29.1%, and the whole life cycle of VOCCO is reduced. The emissions of NO_x and other pollutants are reduced by 8.7and 36.7and 50.2, respectively, and the emissions of greenhouse gas CO_2 are reduced by 19.70.If the size of the bus fleet is 20. If the service life of pure electric bus is 8 a, then the proportion of pure electric bus needs more than 12.7% to be profitable, and it takes at least 3 years for a single electric bus to make a profit.
【作者单位】：昆明理工大学机电工程学院;
【基金】：云南省级人才培养项目(KKSY201501060)
【分类号】：F572;X82
【正文快照】： 我国已成为全球最大的能源消费国,但是国内能源利用效率低下,能源结构不合理,由此引发了一系列的能源危机和环境问题[1-3].国家能源局颁布了《能源发展“十三五”规划(2016—2020)》,提出在能源消费方面,至2020年,国内生产总值能耗要比2015年下降15%;在能源结构方面,将非化石

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