基于双重约束性的出租客运政府规制理论研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 02:25

本文选题：交通运输规划与管理　切入点：出租客运　出处：《长安大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市出租客运作为城市对外交流的“窗口”，，代表着城市的文明与社会形象，在城市发展中发挥着不可替代的作用。上世纪七八十年代以来，我国出租客运行业经历了长足发展，基本形成与城市发展相适应的出租客运行业规模，伴随着城市居民收入水平的提高，出租客运成为城市居民出行选择的交通方式之一。政府为实现出租客运行业健康稳定发展，对该行业进行严格规制，但是近年来出租客运行业劳资矛盾不断激化，集体罢运事件屡有发生，出租客运行业一再被推向舆论的风口浪尖，成为社会关注度很高的行业，集体罢运事件不仅影响到城市居民的正常生活，同时也引发政府对社会稳定的担忧。出租客运行业发展中出现的问题，引发社会各界的广泛关注，其中出租客运行业的政府规制成为激烈讨论的焦点问题，主流观点的矛头直指政府规制的失效，提出充分放松甚至解除政府规制才能够使出租客运行业回归到发展正轨，但是本文并不同意现有主流观点的分析。为合理配置城市道路交通资源，以适当的规制方式促进出租客运行业的稳定、健康、可持续发展，本文以规制经济学的理论和方法为基础，结合运用政治学、法学、公共管理学、运输经济学等基本理论，采用对比研究与系统研究相结合、定性研究与定量研究相结合的方法对出租客运行业中存在的问题进行分析，在对行业属性与定位研究基础上，提出城市出租客运发展应融合在城市交通发展逻辑之中，应服从并服务于最大限度满足城市居民出行需求的基本立足点，同时充分考虑城市有限道路交通资源与消费者选择的双重约束，以此为依据得出对城市出租客运实施规制的必要性，进而基于行业利益主体间的经济联系设计出租客运行业的规制方案，并构建政府规制企业、企业规制车辆及其运营、行业协会协助政府开展质量评价与监督的出租客运行业治理模式，作为政府规制方案落实的依托。运用以上取得的理论成果，分析广东出租客运行业发展与规制演进，以及发展中出现的问题，并对解决问题的对策进行研究，作为理论研究的应用。
[Abstract]:Urban rental passenger transport, as a "window" of the city's external exchange, represents the civilization and social image of the city and plays an irreplaceable role in the development of the city. Since 0th century, the passenger rental industry in China has experienced considerable development. With the improvement of income level of urban residents, rental passenger transport has become one of the modes of transportation for urban residents to choose. In order to realize the healthy and stable development of passenger rental transport industry, the government has formed the scale of taxi passenger transport industry, which is suitable for the development of the city. This industry is strictly regulated, but in recent years, the contradiction between labor and capital in the passenger rental industry has been intensified, the collective strike has occurred frequently, and the rental passenger transport industry has been pushed to the forefront of public opinion again and again, and has become an industry with a high degree of social concern. The collective strike not only affected the normal life of urban residents, but also caused the government's concern about social stability. The problems in the development of the passenger rental industry have aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. Among them, the government regulation of the passenger rental industry has become the focus of intense discussion. The mainstream view points out the failure of the government regulation, and puts forward that only by relaxing or even removing the government regulation can the taxi passenger transport industry return to the right track of development. However, this paper does not agree with the analysis of existing mainstream views. In order to reasonably allocate urban road traffic resources and promote the stable, healthy and sustainable development of the passenger rental industry by proper regulation, this paper is based on the theory and method of regulation economics, combined with the use of political science and law, Based on the basic theories of public management and transportation economics, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the taxi passenger transport industry by combining the comparative research with the systematic research, the qualitative research and the quantitative study. On the basis of the research on industry attributes and positioning, this paper puts forward that the development of urban rental passenger transport should be integrated into the logic of urban traffic development and serve the basic foothold of meeting the travel needs of urban residents to the maximum extent. At the same time, considering the dual constraints of urban limited road traffic resources and consumers' choice, the necessity of implementing regulation on urban rental passenger transport is obtained. Then, based on the economic relationship between industry stakeholders, the regulation scheme of passenger rental industry is designed, and the government regulation enterprises, enterprises regulate vehicles and their operations. The industry association helps the government to carry out the quality evaluation and supervision of the taxi passenger transport industry governance model, as the support of the implementation of the government regulation program. Using the above theoretical results, the paper analyzes the development and regulation evolution of Guangdong rental passenger transport industry. And the development of the problems, and the solution to the problem as a theoretical study of the application.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F572.7;U492.434

【参考文献】