货物列车运行过程影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 21:12

本文选题：列车重量　切入点：速度　出处：《北京交通大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摘要：铁路货物运输具有运量大、能耗低、污染小、安全系数高等优点,在我国交通运输行业中占据十分重要的地位。但近年来随着其它交通运输方式的发展,铁路货运的这些优势也在逐渐弱化。提高铁路货物运输的优势,就要从节约时间以及能耗和安全性方面加以改进。做到利益的最大化以及货物列车运行过程中各项指标之间相互关系的优化成为目前研究的重点。在已有研究成果的基础上,论文主要研究了货物列车运行过程中牵引重量、速度、能耗以及制动距离等因素之间的关系,同时对不同重量、不同速度下的列车运行情况进行仿真,得到货物列车运行过程中涉及到的重量、速度、能耗、制动距离等因素之间的量化关系,而后对仿真数据进行分析计算,最终得出各因素之间的优化方案。论文的具体工作内容包括以下几个方面： (1)通过总结国内外的研究成果,系统的研究了列车运行过程中影响因素之间的相互关系,发现在货物列车运行过程中,列车重量、速度对运行能耗、以及制动安全有显著的影响,并且重量和速度之间相互制约影响,研究各影响因素之间的量化关系,是本文的重点。 (2)定量分析了列车运行过程中重量和速度之间的相互关系,并从公式推导和计算机仿真两方面分别进行描述。其中在构建的平直线路上,通过计算机仿真研究D4与SS4牵引的列车运行过程中重量与速度的关系。研究结果显示：没有线路限速的情况下,DF4牵引的列车牵引重量在4000-4500t,技术速度取60km/h左右时,可以使牵引重量和技术速度达到最优；SS4牵引的列车重量在6000-7000t,技术速度取70km/h左右时,可以使牵引重量和技术速度达到最优。 (3)研究货物列车运行能耗的影响因素,首先定量分析了不同机车在不同重量、速度条件下的单耗情况,其次对DF4与SS4牵引的列车单耗做了针对性研究,得到节能运行方案。分析结果表明：不同型号机车在不同重量、速度下的单耗水平不同,DF11型内燃机车和SS7型电力机车的单耗较低,建议合理提高其比例；相同机车,不同重量和速度组合下的单耗水平变化较大,例如：DF4牵引4000t货物以55km/h的目标速度运行时单耗较低,牵引3500t的货物以60km/h的目标速度运行时单耗较低。 (4)从运行安全的角度出发,分别研究了列车重量、速度、线路坡度对列车制动距离的影响,并研究了不同线路坡道条件下列车限速和限载问题。结果显示：列车紧急制动距离随牵引重量增长呈现近似线性增长,随制动初速增长呈现二次函数形式增长；列车制动初速对制动距离的影响程度比牵引重量对制动距离的影响程度大。
[Abstract]:Abstract: railway freight transport has a large volume, low energy consumption, low pollution, high safety factor, plays an important role in the transportation industry in China. But in recent years with the development of other modes of transportation, railway freight these advantages are gradually weakening. To improve the railway freight transportation advantage, it should be from the improvement of saving time and energy consumption and safety. To optimize the relationship between the index and the maximum benefit of freight train operation process has become the focus of the present study.
On the basis of existing research results, this paper mainly studies the speed of weight, hauling cargo during the train operation, the relationship between energy consumption and braking distance and other factors, at the same time on different weight, the simulation under different speeds of train operation, get the goods train weight, relates to the process of speed, power consumption, quantization the relationship between braking distance and other factors, then the simulation data analysis, finally obtains the optimization scheme between various factors. The specific contents of this paper include the following aspects:
(1) through summarizing the research at home and abroad, systematically studied the effects of the relationship between factors during the running of the train, found in the goods during the running of the train, the train weight, speed of operation energy consumption, has a significant impact and braking safety, and between the weight and the speed of mutual restraint effect, the quantitative relationship between factors the effect, is the focus of this paper.
(2) the quantitative analysis of the relationship between the weight and the speed of the train running process, and from the two aspects of formula derivation and computer simulation are described. In the straight line construction, through the relationship between the weight and the speed of the train operation process of computer simulation of D4 and SS4 in traction. The results show: no line the speed limit, traction weight in 4000-4500t DF4 traction train speed was about 60km/h technology, can make the technology to achieve the optimal speed and traction weight; SS4 traction weight of the train at 6000-7000t, velocity was about 70km/h, the traction weight and speed to achieve optimal technology.
(3) to study the factors that influence the running of the train energy consumption, the first quantitative analysis of the different locomotive in different weight, the unit consumption speed conditions, followed by the consumption of DF4 and SS4 train traction to do targeted research, get the energy saving operation scheme. Analysis results show that different types of locomotives in different weight, the speed of the unit consumption different levels of consumption of DF11 diesel engine and SS7 electric locomotive is low, reasonable suggestions improve the proportion; the same locomotive, changes of level of consumption of different weight and speed under the combination of large, for example: DF4 4000t 55km/h to the target goods traction speed low consumption, traction 3500t goods to the 60km/h target speed run time consumption is low.
(4) starting from the operation safety point of view, the speed of train weight, study effect of line slope on the train braking distance, and studied the train speed and load limit of different lines under ramp conditions. The results showed that the train emergency braking distance is approximately linear growth with traction weight growth, showing the form of quadratic function with the increase of initial braking speed increasing; train braking velocity on the braking distance influence than the traction weight influence on braking distance degree.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U294.1

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