北宋北方地区交通与经济发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 05:16

本文选题：北宋　切入点：北方　出处：《河北大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：北宋时期，北方地区的交通建设有了进一步的发展，形成了以都城开封为中心通向各地的水陆交通网，为北方地区经济的发展提供了良好的环境条件。交通与城市的发展密不可分。宋初，随着北方交通线路的不断开拓和修整，饱经战乱的城市又恢复了以往的生机，商业的繁荣远远超过了前代。大量的草市在水陆交通便利的地方滋长，有的甚至升格为具有一定规模的镇。这些城镇的崛起，将农村与城市、城市与城市之间的经济紧紧相连。与此同时，城市内部坊市制度的废除，使城市的经济职能越来越明显。交通运输业的发展，促使北方地区形成了四大区域市场，即华北市场、东部沿海市场、关中市场和西北沿边市场。各地间的经济联系日益紧密，这也有利于农副产品的商品化。旅游业也随着交通建设而发展起来，宋代旅游观光的人数增多，观光者的身份也更加大众化。除游人外，宋代短期流动人口还有官员、考生和军人，这促进了沿途旅馆业蓬勃兴起。交通工具在运输中发挥着重大作用。人们对交通工具的大量需求，刺激了交通工具租赁业的兴盛。官府组织的纲运，多是租用民间车、船。私人出行，租赁驴、马、车、船的现象也十分普遍。畜力交通工具的广泛使用，也使北方畜牧业大大发展。此外，北方交通建设有其自身的特点。军事性是北方地区交通建设中最显著的特征。另一个特点就是以陆路交通为主，这主要是由北方地区的地理条件决定的，尤其在西北地区更是如此。总的来看，交通建设带动了北方地区的农业、商业、城市、旅游业、交通工具租赁业等相关行业的发展，而这些行业的进步又反作用于交通建设，，不断推动着交通及运输业的改进。
[Abstract]:During the Northern Song Dynasty, the traffic construction in the northern region was further developed, forming a land and water transportation network with Kaifeng as the center, which provided a good environmental condition for the economic development of the northern region. Traffic is closely related to the development of cities. In the early Song Dynasty, with the continuous development and repair of northern traffic routes, the war-torn cities regained their former vitality. The prosperity of commerce far exceeded that of the previous generation. A large number of grass cities grew in places where land and water transportation were convenient, and some were even upgraded to towns of a certain size. The rise of these towns brought the countryside and the cities together. At the same time, with the abolition of the inner city system, the economic function of the city becomes more and more obvious. With the development of transportation and transportation, four regional markets have been formed in the northern region, namely, North China market, eastern coastal market, Guanzhong market and northwest border market. This is also conducive to the commercialization of agricultural and sideline products. Tourism has also developed with the construction of transportation. The number of tourists and tourists in the Song Dynasty has increased and the identity of tourists has become more popular. In addition to tourists, there were also officials among the short-term floating population in the Song Dynasty. Examinees and military personnel, this promoted along the way the booming hotel industry. Transportation plays an important role in transportation. People's demand for transportation has stimulated the prosperity of the transportation leasing industry. The official organizations are mainly engaged in renting civilian cars, boats, private trips, donkeys, horses, cars, etc. Ship phenomenon is also very common. The widespread use of livestock vehicles, but also greatly developed the northern animal husbandry. In addition, the construction of transportation in the north has its own characteristics. Military nature is the most prominent feature in the traffic construction in the northern region. Another characteristic is that land transportation is the main feature, which is mainly determined by the geographical conditions in the northern region. This is especially true in the Northwest Territories. In general, traffic construction has led to the development of agriculture, commerce, cities, tourism, transportation leasing and other related industries in the northern region, and the progress of these industries has been counterproductive to traffic construction. Continue to promote the improvement of transportation and transportation.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K244;F512.9

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