上海港综合竞争力评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 03:36

本文选题：上海港　切入点：综合竞争力　出处：《上海海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速增长,我国港口的规模和数量都有了很大的提升,港口货物吞吐量增速明显,加之大小洋山港的开发运行,以及上海国际航运中心的建设,港口受到人们广泛的关注,港口之间的竞争越来越激烈,竞争的广度和深度也在不断拓展。我国的国际贸易货物大部分是通过海运的方式来完成的,可见港口在我国经济的发展中扮演着重要的角色,是我国参与国际经济循环的重要窗口,因此,一个港口的竞争力不仅会对其所在地区的区域竞争力有着巨大的影响,而且会对所在国家的整体竞争力有一定程度的影响。上海港作为我国沿海的重要枢纽港,对上海乃至国家经济的发展起着举足轻重的作用,为此,研究上海港的发展、竞争以及合作,找出影响港口竞争力的主要因素,提出提升港口综合竞争力的具体措施,是上海港发展战略的重要内容,也是国家经济可持续发展的重要课题。本文以上海港的综合竞争力评价为目标,对上海港综合竞争力进行了纵向和横向的科学系统的分析,并在分析的基础上进行合理的评价,进而对其发展提出建议。具体方法是:首先,基于现有的理论,结合港口实际情况,建立评价港口竞争力的指标体系作为文章的理论基础,分别从纵向和横向来分析上海港的综合竞争力。其次,使用因子分析法,借助SPSS19,以2012年的截面数据对上海港及其竞争对手做了横向的比较分析。然后,首次引入动态因子分析法,利用STATA12.0软件,对各港口2007-2012年的面板数据进行动态的分析评价,得出上海港纵向上的动态变化情况。最后,根据评价结果分析上海港的竞争优势和劣势,并相应的提出提升上海港综合竞争力的对策建议。研究结果表明:在综合竞争力的横向比较上,上海港排名处于上游水平,高于其竞争对手,综合实力较强。结合上海港的具体情况,本文认为,一方面,上海港腹地经济实力雄厚,拉动了上海港的需求,提高了上海港的融资能力和建设水平。另一方面,上海市政府对上海港高度重视,加大了对上海港的投资建设力度,这些都极大的促进了上海港的发展,进而提高了上海港的综合竞争力。纵向比较上总体呈上升趋势,但有波动,其发展潜力明显不足,发展空间几乎枯竭,主要表现在航道水深等条件不能满足船舶大型化的发展趋势。文章最后得出结论:要提升上海港的综合竞争力可以从合作竞争的角度进行考虑,在自身发展的同时,与其他港口实现资源共享,充分发挥各自的优势,错位发展,从而为上海港的后续发展提供决策参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic growth, the size and number of ports in China have been greatly increased, the port cargo throughput has increased significantly, and the development and operation of the large and small Yangshan ports, as well as the construction of the Shanghai International Shipping Center, Ports have received extensive attention. The competition between ports is becoming more and more intense, and the scope and depth of the competition are also expanding. Most of the goods in international trade in China are completed by sea transportation. It can be seen that the port plays an important role in the economic development of our country and is an important window for our country to participate in the international economic cycle. Therefore, the competitiveness of a port will not only have a great impact on the regional competitiveness of the region where it is located. And it will have a certain degree of influence on the overall competitiveness of the country. As an important hub port in the coastal areas of our country, Shanghai Port plays an important role in the development of Shanghai and even the national economy. Therefore, the development of Shanghai Port is studied. Competition and cooperation, finding out the main factors affecting port competitiveness, and putting forward concrete measures to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the port are important contents of the development strategy of Shanghai Port. It is also an important subject for the sustainable development of national economy. This paper takes the comprehensive competitiveness evaluation of Shanghai Port as the goal, carries on the longitudinal and horizontal scientific system analysis to the Shanghai Port Comprehensive Competitiveness, and carries on the reasonable appraisal on the basis of the analysis. The specific methods are as follows: firstly, based on the existing theory, combining with the actual situation of the port, an index system to evaluate the competitiveness of the port is established as the theoretical basis of the article. The overall competitiveness of Shanghai Port is analyzed vertically and horizontally. Secondly, using factor analysis method and SPSS 19, the cross-section data of 2012 are used to analyze the overall competitiveness of Shanghai Port and its competitors. The dynamic factor analysis method is introduced for the first time, and the dynamic analysis and evaluation of the panel data of each port from 2007 to 2012 are carried out by using STATA12.0 software, and the longitudinal dynamic changes of Shanghai Port are obtained. According to the evaluation results, this paper analyzes the competitive advantages and disadvantages of Shanghai Port, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of Shanghai Port. The research results show that the ranking of Shanghai Port is at the upstream level in the horizontal comparison of the comprehensive competitiveness. Above its competitors, the overall strength is relatively strong. In light of the specific situation of the Shanghai Port, this paper believes that, on the one hand, the economic strength of the hinterland of the Shanghai Port has driven the demand for the Shanghai Port. On the other hand, the Shanghai Municipal Government attaches great importance to the Shanghai Port and has increased its investment and construction efforts, which have greatly promoted the development of the Shanghai Port. Thus, the comprehensive competitiveness of the Shanghai Port has been improved. The overall vertical comparison shows an upward trend, but there are fluctuations, its development potential is obviously insufficient, and the development space is almost exhausted. The main performance is that the waterway water depth and other conditions can not meet the development trend of large-scale ships. Finally, the paper draws a conclusion: to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of Shanghai Port can be considered from the angle of cooperative competition, and at the same time, the development of Shanghai Port should be taken into account. Sharing resources with other ports, giving full play to their respective advantages and staggered development, thus providing a decision-making reference for the subsequent development of Shanghai Port.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F552.7

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