江南运河研究（1912-1937）

发布时间：2018-04-02 03:04

本文选题：江南运河　切入点：管理机构　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：江南运河，又称江南河，是京杭大运河的最南端，北起镇江，经丹阳、常州、无锡、苏州、嘉兴至杭州。1855年京杭运河全线无法通航，只有个别区段还可通航，如江南运河。江南运河作为一条古今非常重要的水路，至今仍旧发挥着它的航运作用，同时，在政府的引导下，大多数地区开始发展“运河旅游文化”。本文以1912-1937年江南运河为研究对象，通过对江南运河的衰落、流向、管理机构、治理措施，以及它的影响，揭示这一时期江南运河发展变化的进程。民国时期，江南运河基本畅通，流经江苏省、浙江省，流向大致未变。两省都各自设立机构管理，如江南水利局、太湖水利局、浙江水利委员会等。同时两省机构偶有合作，如设立了江浙水利联合会共同管理江南运河。从江浙两省治理江南运河情况来看，江南运河北段地势较高，时有淤塞，航运困难，是江南运河需着重治理之段。然而，江苏管理运河机构繁多，各机构职责交错而不明，且经费缺乏，导致江南运河江苏段的治理不比浙江段，江南运河的作用江苏段也就不能与浙江段相比。从时间来看，1912年3月袁世凯就任临时大总统一职，开始了北洋政府时期，政局动荡，水利失修，，江南运河只限于小修小补。1927年南京国民政府成立，开始了国民经济发展的十年时期，江、浙两省分段疏浚江南运河，取得了一定的成效。江南地区，雨量充沛，政府时有治理，1912年至1937年，江南运河基本处于通航状态，对内河航运业的发展一直有着密切关系，航运业的发展使得城镇之间互相交流，区域商品流通加强，促进了江南地区城镇的发展。同时，随着大运河的衰落，各种新式交通工具的出现等一系列原因，江南运河处于衰落状态，对镇江、苏州等一些城镇的发展产生了不利影响。江南运河作为大运河的最南端，随着京杭运河的衰落而衰落。1927年至1937年全国经济的发展，政府重视水利建设，江南运河对航运业的发展，工农业的发展起到了一定的积极作用。
[Abstract]:The Jiangnan Canal, also known as the Jiangnan River, is the southernmost part of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It starts from the Zhenjiang River in the north, passing through Danyang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Jiaxing to Hangzhou. In 1855, the entire line of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal was inoperable, and only a few sections were navigable. For example, the Jiangnan Canal, as a very important waterway in ancient and modern times, still plays its role in shipping. At the same time, under the guidance of the government, Most areas begin to develop "canal tourism culture". This article takes the Jiangnan Canal as the research object from 1912 to 1937, through the decline, the direction, the management organization, the management measure, and its influence on the Jiangnan Canal. This period reveals the process of the development and change of the Jiangnan Canal. During the Republic of China, the Jiangnan Canal was basically unblocked, flowing through Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province, and the flow direction remained largely unchanged. Each of the two provinces set up their own institutions for management, such as the Jiangnan Water Conservancy Bureau, the Taihu Water Conservancy Bureau, the Zhejiang Water Conservancy Commission, and so on. At the same time, the two provincial organizations occasionally cooperated. For example, the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Water Conservancy Federation was set up to jointly manage the Jiangnan Canal. Judging from the situation of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces governing the Jiangnan Canal, the northern section of the Jiangnan Canal is relatively high in topography, sometimes silted up and difficult for shipping, so it is the section where the Jiangnan Canal needs to be managed emphatically. Jiangsu has a large number of canal management institutions, the responsibilities of each organization are staggered and unclear, and funds are lacking, resulting in the Jiangsu section of the Jiangnan Canal being governed no more than the Zhejiang section. The role of the Jiangnan Canal in Jiangsu is not comparable to that of Zhejiang Duan. In time, Yuan Shikai took up the post of temporary President in March 1912, beginning the period of the Beiyang Government, during which the political situation was turbulent and water conservancy was in disrepair. The canal of Jiangnan was only limited to minor repairs and small repairs. In 1927, the Nanjing National Government was established, which began the ten years of national economic development. The Jiangnan Canal was dredged by stages in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and some results were achieved. In the south of the Yangtze River, the rainfall is abundant and the government sometimes governs it. From 1912 to 1937, the Jiangnan Canal was basically in a navigable state, which has always been closely related to the development of the inland waterway shipping industry, and the development of the shipping industry has made the cities and towns communicate with each other. The strengthening of regional commodity circulation has promoted the development of towns in the south of the Yangtze River. At the same time, with the decline of the Grand Canal and the emergence of various new modes of transportation, the canal is in a state of decline. The development of some towns, such as Suzhou, has had a negative impact. As the southernmost end of the Grand Canal, the Jiangnan Canal declined with the decline of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. With the development of the national economy from 1927 to 1937, the government attached importance to the construction of water conservancy, and the Jiangnan Canal developed the shipping industry. The development of industry and agriculture has played a certain positive role.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F552.9;K258;K26

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