集装箱班轮公司航线应急调整方案研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 15:29

本文选题：集装箱班轮运输　切入点：航线优化　出处：《上海交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际海上货物运输是国际贸易货物运输最为重要的方式,集装箱运输是海上货物运输中比较先进的现代化运输方式的一种。尽管现代意义上的集装箱运输仅有五十多年的发展历史,但集装箱运输已遍及世界上所有的国家,世界货物运输集装箱化已成为不可阻挡的发展趋势。集装箱运输方式已成为国际贸易的最优运输方式之一。集装箱运输市场受着诸多突发因素的影响,如世界政治经济和贸易环境的变化、政策法规的改变、港口码头的建设、自然灾害的侵袭等等,这些因素给班轮运输企业的生产经营增加了风险和困难。为了减少这些因素带来的不利影响,各大班轮公司主要的做法是合理安排船舶和航线,尽量使有限的船舶运力创造最大的经济效益,因此,船舶与航线网络的优化配置就成为航运界最关注的问题。对于任何一家开辟并经营集装箱班轮航线的船公司而言,每条航线的经营效果都直接关系到公司的效益。而随着世界经济贸易形势、市场环境、企业经营战略、竞争对手情况等各方面因素的不断变化,班轮公司必须对航线进行适时的调整与优化,不断保持航线的竞争力,以谋求最大的经营效益。本文重点讨论了集装箱班轮运输的特点,对集装箱班轮航线的设计因素和影响因素进行了分析,着重讨论了在面临突发状况导致航线部分损毁的情况下,班轮公司采取的应对方案。提出根据事故引发的后果的严重性,在既有航线的基础上对港口挂靠顺序进行调整,从而承揽更多的货量,保证航运公司的收益状况。文章通过建立成本-收益模型,将影响航线收益的航期、航次运费收入和航次成本分别考虑在内,并利用微粒群算法对其进行解答。在微粒群算法中定义换位算子,对算法进行简化,提高运算效率,并引入算例对结果进行验证。对于航线优化的问题,以往的大多数文献都是采用理论分析得出解决方案,本文采取建模定量分析,使得航线优化问题的结论更加真实有效。同时,由于优化背景是针对突发事故采取的应急方案,对航运公司在面对航线事故尤其是港口损毁时需采取的解决方案也具有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:International maritime cargo transport is the most important way of international trade cargo transport, container transport is a more advanced modern mode of transport of goods by sea.Although container transportation in modern sense has only developed for more than 50 years, container transportation has spread all over the world, and containerization of world cargo transportation has become an irresistible development trend.Container transportation has become one of the best modes of transportation in international trade.The container transportation market is affected by many unexpected factors, such as the changes of world political economy and trade environment, the change of policies and regulations, the construction of port terminals, the attack of natural disasters, etc.These factors increase the risk and difficulty for the production and operation of liner transportation enterprises.In order to reduce the adverse effects of these factors, the main practice of the major liner companies is to arrange ships and routes rationally, so as to maximize the economic benefits of the limited shipping capacity.The optimal configuration of ship and route network has become the most concerned problem in shipping industry.For any shipping company that opens and operates container liner routes, the operating effect of each route is directly related to the company's efficiency.With the constant changes in the world economic and trade situation, market environment, business strategy of enterprises, and the situation of competitors, liner companies must adjust and optimize their routes in a timely manner, so as to constantly maintain the competitiveness of the routes.In order to seek maximum operating efficiency.This paper mainly discusses the characteristics of container liner shipping, analyzes the design factors and influencing factors of container liner routes, and emphasizes on the situation that the routes are partially damaged in the face of sudden situation.The countermeasures adopted by the liner Company.According to the seriousness of the consequence caused by the accident, the port link order is adjusted on the basis of the existing route, so as to take on more quantity and ensure the profit condition of the shipping company.In this paper, the cost-benefit model is established to take into account the shipping period, freight revenue and voyage cost that affect the route income, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem.The commutation operator is defined in the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the algorithm is simplified to improve the operation efficiency. A numerical example is introduced to verify the result.For the problem of route optimization, most of the literature used to use theoretical analysis to get the solution, this paper adopts modeling and quantitative analysis to make the conclusion of route optimization more real and effective.At the same time, because the optimization background is the emergency plan for the sudden accident, it also has certain reference significance to the shipping company when facing the route accident, especially the port damage solution.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F552;F224

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