交通运输能源效率及节能问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 22:07

本文选题：交通运输　切入点：能源效率　出处：《北京交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：能源是整个世界发展和经济增长的最基本的驱动力,而交通运输业的发展同样必须以能源作为支撑。改革开放以来,我国交通运输业取得了很大成就,但这是以消耗一定的能源为代价的,面对日益严峻的能源形势,交通运输能源效率及节能问题的研究显得尤为重要。论文首先基于生产函数理论探讨了交通运输业能源要素的投入对运输周转量产出的影响,研究发现从产出的角度来看我国交通运输业能源效率是逐渐升高的；其次,以1990～2010年交通运输投入产出数据为基础,利用考虑能源消费替代弹性的交通运输业能源效率测算模型对过去20余年里我国交通运输的能源效率进行了测算,结果表明我国交通运输业的能源效率整体水平较高,技术条件在短期内不是实现节能的关键因素。据此,论文又利用客、货运输能耗分解模型展开了交通运输能耗影响因素的探讨,结果显示,运输周转量的增长是交通运输能耗增加的主要推动力。最后,论文对客、货运输“三因素”分别设定标准情景方案和节能情景方案,在交通运输能耗分解模型的基础上,分别计算了2020-2030年节能情景方案相对于标准情景方案我国交通运输的节能潜力。研究结果表明,通过适当减少运输周转量、优化运输结构和降低运输能耗强度,预计2020年、2030年我国交通运输将实现节能11198.7万吨标准煤、17864.6万吨标准煤,其中货物运输占80%～85%左右,客运占15%～20%左右,货运是实现我国交通运输节能的主要方面。
[Abstract]:Energy is the most basic driving force for the development and economic growth of the whole world, and the development of transportation industry must also be supported by energy.Since the reform and opening up, China's transportation industry has made great achievements, but this is at the cost of consuming a certain amount of energy. In the face of the increasingly severe energy situation, the research on energy efficiency and energy saving of transportation is particularly important.Firstly, based on the theory of production function, the paper discusses the influence of energy input of transportation on the output of transportation, and finds that the energy efficiency of transportation in China is increasing from the point of view of output.Based on the input-output data of transportation from 1990 to 2010, the energy efficiency of transportation in China in the past 20 years has been measured by using the energy efficiency model considering the elasticity of energy consumption.The results show that the energy efficiency of transportation industry in China is relatively high, and the technical condition is not the key factor to realize energy saving in the short term.Based on this, the paper discusses the influence factors of transportation energy consumption by using passenger and freight transport energy consumption decomposition model. The results show that the increase of transportation turnover is the main driving force of transportation energy consumption increase.Finally, the paper sets up standard scenario scheme and energy-saving scenario scheme for passenger and freight transportation "three factors", on the basis of decomposing model of transportation energy consumption,The energy saving potential of 2020-2030 energy saving scenario is calculated in comparison with the standard scenario in China.The results show that by appropriately reducing transportation turnover, optimizing transport structure and reducing transport energy intensity, it is estimated that by 2020 and 2030, China's transportation will achieve energy saving of 111.987 million tons of standard coal and 178.646 million tons of standard coal, of which about 80% of them will be transported by goods.Passenger transportation accounts for 15%, freight is the main aspect of energy saving.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F512;F206

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