基于博弈理论的城市公共交通定价方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 22:31

本文选题：公交定价　切入点：博弈　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的持续发展、城市化进程的快速推进，越来越多的人口向大城市和以大城市为核心的周边区域聚集。城市人口的持续增长带来了更多的交通出行需求，但由于城市规划落后、道路资源有限，以及车辆数量的高速增长，城市交通面临巨大的压力，突出表现为城市道路拥堵、居民出行困难和环境污染，而优先发展公共交通是缓解城市交通拥堵的非常有效的方法。根据我国目前城市公共交通发展的现状和相关政策，要优先发展城市公交，就必须对公交企业制定合理的票价，因为在公共交通服务水平一定的情况下，票价影响着出行者的选择，从而影响到公共交通的分担率，并最终影响着公交企业的生存和城市交通的可持续发展。本论文从交通出行需求考虑，分析影响公共交通需求的经济因素，从信息博弈理论的角度考察票价的机制，研究科学合理的城市公共交通最优定价的理论和模型，，为公共交通定价提供科学的理论指导。本文先以公共交通定价的基本理论为基础，对公共交通行业的特性进行分析，探讨如何实现信息资源的最大化。随后从出行者消费的角度对合理票价进行分析，最后以完全但不完美信息博弈为基础，讨论政府定价的激励问题。本文的创新点在于对公共交通定价中信息判断以及激励相容博弈理论的应用，并结合经济理论的方法分析公交定价策略，使得研究成果和结论具有很强的理论性和实用性，以期达到科学定价并最终实现公共交通系统效率最优的目的。
[Abstract]:With the sustainable development of our economy and the rapid development of urbanization, more and more people gather to the big cities and the surrounding areas with the big cities as the core.The sustained growth of urban population has brought more traffic travel demand, but due to the backward urban planning, limited road resources, and the rapid growth of the number of vehicles, urban traffic is facing enormous pressure, which is highlighted as urban road congestion.Residents travel difficult and environmental pollution, and priority to develop public transport is a very effective way to alleviate urban traffic congestion.According to the current situation and relevant policies of urban public transport development in China, in order to give priority to the development of urban public transport, it is necessary to set reasonable fares for public transport enterprises, because in the case of a certain level of public transport services,The ticket price affects the choice of passengers, thus affects the share rate of public transport, and ultimately affects the survival of public transport enterprises and the sustainable development of urban transportation.This paper analyzes the economic factors that affect the public transport demand from the point of view of travel demand, investigates the mechanism of ticket price from the angle of information game theory, and studies the scientific and reasonable theory and model of the optimal pricing of urban public transport.To provide scientific theoretical guidance for public transport pricing.Based on the basic theory of public transport pricing, this paper analyzes the characteristics of public transport industry and discusses how to maximize the information resources.Then it analyzes the reasonable ticket price from the perspective of traveler consumption, and finally discusses the incentive problem of government pricing based on the complete but imperfect information game.The innovation of this paper lies in the application of information judgment and incentive compatible game theory in public transport pricing, and the analysis of bus pricing strategy combining with economic theory, which makes the research results and conclusions very theoretical and practical.In order to achieve the goal of scientific pricing and public transport system efficiency optimization.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F572;F224

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