船舶载运特大型车辆的系固研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 00:26

本文选题：船舶 + 特大型车辆　；参考：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的发展和海上运输业的不断壮大,如今海上运输特大型车辆的.业务越来越多。由于特大型车辆及所载运大件设备的结构特点或体积大、重量大等实际情况,对船舶运输、装卸和系固技术的要求比较高。特大型车辆的系固在技术上相对比较复杂,这类车辆的积载和系固需要特别重视,处理不当就会造成严重事故。对于现今的船舶载运特大型车辆的系固,主要存在以下几个问题：虽然所载货物与车辆本身已有一定的系固,但是此类绑扎只适用于陆运,海运的摇摆角较大,环境更为复杂,货物与车辆的绑扎要求能承受30度横摇；车辆与船舶之间的绑扎过于简单,没有进一步可靠的系固措施；货物与船舶之间的绑扎,通常是工人凭经验进行绑扎,绑扎方案不够科学,存在危险性；特大型车辆的装载和系固方案的设计并没有统一的有效方法。为了进一步提高船舶载运特大型车辆的安全性,本文研究了相关的问题,全面了解特大型车辆及其所载货物的种类和主要指标参数,从而对特大型车辆有量的概念；综合国际上海事组织、船舶运输公司,船级社、国际海事采购协会(IMPA)、国际船舶供应商和服务协会(ISSA)等机构提出的标准、规定和研究成果,结合船舶载运特大型车辆系固的实际,阐述了特大型车辆所需要的绑扎装置类型,并且给出其最大系固载荷和破断强度。论文详细论述了特大型车辆在船上系固布置方案的设计,对于车辆所载货物、车辆以及船舶三者之间的系固作了具体的描述；并提出在船上利用垫木承载特大型车辆的车体与货物重量,从而将特大型车辆的积载与系固问题转化为重大件运输问题；从应力和弯矩二个角度考虑,提出了特大型车辆轮胎对甲板负荷的计算方法；在分析覆板与甲板间关系的基础上,给出了利用千斤顶、垫板和系索进行此项操作的原则与方法,并用实船运输算例进行了验证。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy and the growing of marine transportation, we are now carrying super-large vehicles by sea.There is more and more business.Due to the structural characteristics or the large volume and heavy weight of the super large vehicles and the large equipment, the requirements of ship transportation, loading and unloading and fastening technology are relatively high.The fastening of super large vehicles is relatively complicated in technology. The stowage and fastening of these vehicles need to be paid special attention to, and improper handling will cause serious accidents.As for the fastening of super large vehicles carried by ships today, there are mainly the following problems: although the cargo and the vehicles themselves have been bound to a certain extent, this kind of binding is only suitable for land transportation, and the shipping swing angle is larger and the environment is more complex.Cargo and vehicle binding requirements can withstand 30 degrees roll; vehicle to ship binding is too simple, there is no further reliable fastening measures; cargo and ship binding, usually based on the experience of the workers to bind,The binding scheme is not scientific and dangerous, and there is no uniform and effective method to design the loading and fastening scheme of super large vehicles.In order to further improve the safety of super large vehicles, this paper studies the related problems, fully understand the types and main index parameters of the vehicles and their cargoes, and thus the concept of the quantity of super large vehicles;Integrating the standards, regulations and research results of the international maritime organizations, shipping companies, classification societies, the International Maritime Procurement Association (IMPA) and the International Association of ship suppliers and Services (ISSA), combined with the reality of the consolidation of ships carrying super large vehicles,This paper describes the type of binding device required for super large vehicles, and gives its maximum fastening load and breaking strength.In this paper, the design of fastening arrangement scheme for super large vehicles on board is discussed in detail, and the concretely description of the fastening among the cargo, vehicles and ships carried by vehicles is given.It is also put forward that the stowage and fastening of super large vehicles can be transformed into the problem of heavy-duty transportation by using cushioned wood to carry the carbody and cargo weight of the super large vehicle on board the ship, considering the stress and bending moment,Based on the analysis of the relationship between overlay and deck, the principle and method of using Jack, cushion and tie cable to carry out this operation are put forward.A real ship transportation example is used to verify this problem.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U695.2

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