“一带一路”下中欧班列铁路运输公司选择研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 22:32

本文选题：“一带一路” + 中欧班列　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2013年,习近平总书记提出共同建设“丝绸之路经济带,推进海上丝绸之路建设,形成全方位开放新格局”暨“一带一路”。由于目前国内中欧班列运营公司国际铁路运费价格不统一,定价随意性较大,价格存在一定不合理性,加之在实际业务操作中发现传统的通过距离货源地就近原则选择中欧班列运营公司并非运输费用最低。基于此问题,为企业在选取中欧班列运输时将运输成本降到最低,本文选取中欧班列运营公司和运输方案为研究对象,针对国内主要省会城市,进行中欧班列运营公司和运输方案优化选择,选取运输费用最低的运输方案。本文研究40英尺标准集装箱从国内主要省会城市通过中欧班列联运的方式运输至德国法兰克福费用最低的运营公司和运输路线,并采用相同的方法计算回程班列运费最低的运营公司和运输路线。(1)汇总国内所有可以安排中欧班列运输的运营公司,并收集起运火车站到欧洲境内火车站的运输费用,主要基于哈尔滨、长春、沈阳、郑州、武汉、合肥、西安、长沙、苏州、成都、重庆和义乌12个火车站点;(2)将全国划分为八大区,分别为黑吉辽、京津冀、陕甘宁、晋鲁豫、苏皖鄂沪、云贵川渝、浙赣闽、湘桂粤,基于八大区省会城市及周边腹地作为境内货源起运地;(3)收集测算八大区主要省会城市到国内12个铁路火车站的铁路和公路和铁路运输距离及运输费用;(4)以法兰克福为目的地,收集欧洲境内中欧班列火车站到法兰克福当地的公路和铁路运输费用;(5)采用运筹学“01”规划理论,以运输成本最低为目标函数,利用Lingo程序,通过优化计算出成本最低的中欧班列运营公司和运输方案。本文通过研究发现:(1)受政府补贴以及销售激励等因素影响,货源地就近原则选择中欧班列运营公司和运输路线,并不一定费用最低,并且有些地区费用差距较大;(2)目前中欧班列运输未纳入统一管理,不同运输路线的运营公司对铁路运费的定价标准不统一,随意性较大,中欧班列运输费用与运输距离、运输单价不存在线性关系。本文研究结论:通过本文研究发现,如依靠常识判断来选择中欧班列运营公司,运输路线选择上采用就近原则,则会给企业增加运输成本。京津冀和晋鲁豫地区货物通过中欧班列运至欧洲,应通过西新欧运输,此路线费用最低,而非就近原则选择郑新欧进行运输。论文对中欧回程班列货物运输也进行了研究,同样发现回程班列也不能仅仅采用就近原则选择运营公司和运输路线,而应该通过本论文的优化模型做最优选择。
[Abstract]:In 2013, General Secretary Belt and Road proposed to jointly build the "Silk Road Economic Belt, promote the construction of the Maritime Silk Road, and form a new pattern of all-round opening" and "Belt and Road."At present, due to the fact that the international railway freight prices of the domestic China-Europe Banguang operating companies are not uniform, and the pricing is arbitrary, the prices are irrationality.In addition, in the practical operation, it is found that the traditional principle of proximity by distance from the source of goods is not the lowest transportation cost.Based on this problem, in order to reduce the transportation cost to the lowest when the enterprises select the China-Europe train transportation, this paper selects the China-Europe Banguo operation company and the transportation plan as the research object, aiming at the main capital cities in China.Carry on the operation company and the transportation plan optimization choice, select the transport plan with the lowest transportation cost.This paper studies the transport of 40-foot standard containers from major domestic capital cities to the lowest cost operators and routes in Frankfurt, Germany, by means of intermodal transport between China and Europe.And using the same method to calculate the operation company with the lowest return train freight and the transportation route.) to summarize all the domestic operators that can arrange the China-EU train transportation, and collect the transportation cost of the train station to the railway station in Europe.It is mainly based on 12 railway stations in Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Hefei, Xi'an, Changsha, Suzhou, Chengdu, Chongqing and Yiwu.Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei and Shanghai, Yungui, Sichuan and Chongqing, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong,Based on the provincial capitals of the eight major regions and the surrounding hinterland as the source of domestic cargo, the collection and calculation of the railway and road and rail transport distances and transport costs between the major provincial capitals of the eight regions and the 12 railway stations in the country, and their transport costs, are based on Frankfurt as the destination.Collect the road and rail transportation costs from Bandley railway station in Europe to Frankfurt, and adopt the operational research "01" planning theory, take the lowest transport cost as the objective function, and use the Lingo program.By optimizing the calculation of the lowest cost of Ceifang operating company and transport program.In this paper, it is found that under the influence of government subsidies and sales incentives, it is not necessarily the lowest cost to choose the operation company and the transportation route of Ceibs, according to the principle of source location.Moreover, in some regions, the cost gap is quite large. At present, China-Europe scheduled transportation has not been brought into the unified management, and the pricing standards of railway freight charges are not uniform among the operators of different transport routes, and there is a large degree of arbitrariness.Transportation unit price does not have linear relationship.The conclusion of this paper is that if we rely on common sense judgment to choose the operation company of Ceibs and adopt the principle of proximity in the choice of transportation route it will increase the cost of transportation to the enterprise.The goods from Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Shanxi, Shandong and Henan should be transported to Europe through Central Europe and New Europe. The cost of this route is the lowest, rather than that of Zheng Xinou on the principle of proximity.In this paper, we also study the freight transportation of the return trip in China and Europe. It is also found that the return train can not only choose the operation company and the transportation route by using the nearest principle, but also make the optimal choice through the optimization model of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F532.4

【参考文献】