中央及地方财政格局下公路收费的影响、成因及对策

发布时间：2018-04-22 09:31

本文选题：公路收费 + 市场整合　；参考：《统计研究》2014年09期

【摘要】：本文采用混合组平均(PMG)及广义矩估计(GMM)方法,实证检验了当前公路收费制度对我国经济发展的影响并探索了其作用机制。研究发现过高的收费水平已经不利于经济增长:收费水平每提高1%会导致GDP增长率放缓0.005%、人均GDP降低0.04%。由此计算出该制度在2012年新增社会经济成本约为1660亿元,大于其收益。该制度的作用机制通过促进路网建设、降低国内贸易总量及市场整合程度两个相反作用实现。本研究将高收费归咎于分税制改革下地方预算内财力的不足。这些发现为政策制定者提供了必要的参考:中央财政应加大在路网建设中的作用,同时通过预算内转移支付的方式补偿改革过程中地方政府的损失。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the method of mixed group average PMG and generalized moment estimation (GMMM) is used to empirically test the influence of the current highway toll system on the economic development of our country and to explore its mechanism. The study found that excessive fees were not conducive to economic growth: a 1 percent increase in fees would slow GDP growth by 0.005 and per capita GDP by 0.04. It is calculated that the new social and economic cost of the system in 2012 is about 166 billion yuan, which is larger than its income. The mechanism of this system is realized by promoting the construction of road network, reducing the total amount of domestic trade and the degree of market integration. This study ascribes high charges to the insufficiency of local budget financial resources under the reform of the tax sharing system. These findings provide a necessary reference for policy makers: the central finance should play a greater role in the road network construction and compensate for the losses of local governments in the process of reform through the way of budget transfer and payment.
【作者单位】：复旦大学经济学院;《世界经济文汇》杂志;
【基金】：上海市浦江人才计划(项目号13PJC010)资助
【分类号】：F542;F812

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