网络预约出租汽车政府规制研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 02:44

本文选题：网络预约出租汽车 + 政府规制　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们生活水平提高和城市交通发展,老百姓出行需要越来越高,尽管大部分城市具有完备公交、出租车系统,甚至还有地铁,但是出行难、难打车一直是城市通勤的通病。网络预约出租汽车(以下简称网约车)解决出租车空驶率高,乘客与司机之间信息不对称的矛盾,大大提高了民众出行效率。网约车作为新生事物,它的出现也引发很多问题:打车软件平台公司之间互相恶意竞争,大量黑车、私家车加入这个营运行业,出租车司机罢工事件频发,城市交通事故发生率提高,乘客合理权益受到侵害等等。政府在现有法律框架下,通过制定规制,规范行业发展,满足市民多样化出行需要,但是政府规制也有不足之处。文章从网约车性质定位、价格调控、准入条件、相关主体权益保障等方面分析了网络预约出租汽车政府规制现状,从主体责任、立法保障、人才供给、社会参与等方面分析了其存在的问题及原因,最后针对这些问题提出了相应的解决思路。本文以网络预约出租汽车政府规制为研究对象。首先介绍了城市公共交通状况,综述国内外研究网络预约出租汽车和传统出租车情况,同时对“互联网+”、网络预约出租汽车等核心概念进行界定,并对公共物品理论、政府规制理论、参与式治理理论进行阐述。其次,文章参考出租汽车管理者、从业者和交通专家、学者的意见,运用公共管理、公共经济学等相关知识,详细介绍网络预约出租汽车发展过程及其政府规制现状两大部分内容:描述了网络预约出租汽车由来、特点与优势、发展趋势等三个方面;从性质定位、准入门槛、价格调节机制、顾客权益保障体系、相关主体之间权益关系等五个方面介绍了网络预约出租汽车政府规制现状。再次,文章从主体责任、立法保障、人才供给、社会参与等四方面分析网络预约出租汽车政府规制存在问题及其原因。最后,论文针对以上问题提出了完善网络预约出租汽车政府规制相应四点对策:进一步明确网络预约出租汽车营运中各主体责任;完善网络预约出租汽车规制的相关法规;加强网络预约出租汽车规制人才培养;建立多元主体参与的网络预约出租汽车规制。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard and the development of urban transportation, people need to travel more and more. Although most cities have complete public transportation, taxi system, and even subway, it is difficult to travel and it is always difficult to commute by taxi. The network booking taxi (hereinafter referred to as "network taxi") solves the contradiction of high taxi empty driving rate and asymmetric information between passengers and drivers, which greatly improves the public travel efficiency. As a new thing, there are many problems caused by the emergence of ride-hailing software platform companies: malevolent competition among ride-hailing software platforms, a large number of black cars, private cars joining the operation industry, frequent strikes by taxi drivers, The incidence of urban traffic accidents has increased, the reasonable rights and interests of passengers have been infringed, and so on. Under the existing legal framework, the government regulates the development of the industry and meets the diversified travel needs of citizens, but the government regulation also has some shortcomings. This paper analyzes the current situation of government regulation of network booking taxi from the aspects of the nature, price control, access conditions, rights and interests of related subject, and so on, from the main responsibility, legislative protection, talent supply, etc. This paper analyzes the problems and causes of social participation, and finally puts forward corresponding solutions to these problems. In this paper, the network booking taxi government regulation as the research object. Firstly, this paper introduces the situation of urban public transport, summarizes the domestic and foreign research on online taxi booking and traditional taxi, defines the core concepts of "Internet" and online booking taxi, and gives the theory of public goods. Government regulation theory, participatory governance theory to elaborate. Secondly, the article refers to the opinions of taxi managers, practitioners, transportation experts and scholars, and applies relevant knowledge such as public administration, public economics, etc. This paper introduces in detail the development process and the current situation of government regulation of online booking taxi: it describes the origin, characteristics and advantages, development trend and so on of the online booking taxi, from the nature of positioning, entry threshold, This paper introduces the current situation of government regulation of online booking taxi from five aspects, such as price regulation mechanism, customer rights and interests protection system, and the rights and interests relationship among related subjects. Thirdly, the article analyzes the problems and causes of the government regulation of online taxi booking from four aspects: the main responsibility, the legislative guarantee, the talent supply and the social participation. Finally, the paper puts forward four corresponding countermeasures to improve the government regulation of online booking taxi: further clarifying the responsibilities of the main bodies in the network booking taxi operation, perfecting the relevant laws and regulations of the regulation of the network booking taxi; Strengthen the network booking taxi regulation talent training, and establish multi-subject participation in the network booking taxi regulation.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630;F724.6;F572

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