我国收费公路运营中的政府管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 19:23

本文选题：收费公路 + 收费公路运营　；参考：《天津师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代初,国务院提出了“贷款修路,收费还贷”的收费公路政策,这一政策的出台解决了当时公路等交通基础设施建设资金不足的问题,也标志着收费公路在我国的兴起。随着改革开放的不断深入,历经30多年的不断发展,收费公路在带动我国整个社会生产力发展的同时也产生了一系列问题。我国政府对收费公路运营的管理主要分为宏观和微观两个方面。宏观方面主要是政府通过制定一系列的法规和政策,来协调收费公路产业和其他各个产业之间的关系。微观方面是政府利用行政权力对收费公路的运营进行直接干预,包括：市场进入规制、市场结构规制、收费标准规制和服务质量规制。政府是收费公路的监管主体,我国收费公路的管理存在政企、政事不分,管理机构职能履行混乱,管理效率低下,缺乏服务意识和严格的监管机制等问题。美国和日本两个国家的收费公路发展比较完善,有许多值得我们借鉴的经验。这两个国家的政府在收费公路的运营中主要起到规范、主导和调控的作用,而且他们都拥有一套完善的法律法规体系,这些都为收费公路的良好运营提供了保障。因此,在改革我国政府对收费公路运营进行管理的过程中,政府要明确好自身的职能,不断完善相关法律法规,严格控制好收费公路的经营权,还要针对不同种类的收费公路进行多元化和层次化的管理。另外,政府还应在监管过程中引入公民参与机制,加强对收费公路运营过程的监管。
[Abstract]:In the early 1980s, the State Council put forward a toll road policy of "building roads with loans and paying back loans." this policy solved the problem of insufficient funds for the construction of transport infrastructure such as highways. It also marks the rise of toll roads in China. With the deepening of reform and opening up, after more than 30 years of continuous development, toll roads not only drive the development of the entire social productive forces in China, but also produce a series of problems. Our government's management of toll road operation is divided into macro and micro aspects. Macroscopical aspect is that the government makes a series of laws and policies to coordinate the relationship between toll road industry and other industries. The micro aspect is that the government directly interferes with the operation of toll roads by using administrative power, including: market entry regulation, market structure regulation, charge standard regulation and service quality regulation. The government is the main body of supervision of toll roads. There are some problems in the management of toll roads in our country, such as government and enterprise, no separation of government and affairs, confusion of the functions of management organizations, low efficiency of management, lack of service consciousness and strict supervision mechanism, etc. The development of toll roads in the United States and Japan is relatively perfect, and there are many experiences that we should learn from. The governments of these two countries mainly play a normative, leading and regulating role in the operation of toll roads, and they both have a set of perfect laws and regulations system, which provide a guarantee for the good operation of toll roads. Therefore, in the process of reforming our government's management of toll road operation, the government should clearly define its own functions, constantly improve relevant laws and regulations, and strictly control the operating right of toll roads. But also for different types of toll roads for diversification and hierarchical management. In addition, the government should introduce citizen participation mechanism in the process of supervision and strengthen the supervision of toll road operation.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F542

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