铁水联运集装箱运价规制与定价研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 08:57

本文选题：铁水联运 + 集装箱　；参考：《西南交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：铁路运输和水路运输是综合运输体系的重要组成部分,在大宗散货和长距离货物运输中发挥了重要的作用。目前,这两种运输方式完成的货物周转量在综合运输体系中的比重占到了68%,为国民经济平稳安全运行提供了有力保障。为此,铁道部和交通部推出铁水联运运输方式,实现我国两大重要运输方式的联合运输,铁水联运可以有效优化运输通道布局、减少运输环节、缩短运输周期、提高运输效率、降低运输费用、促进节能减排。但是,我国铁水联运在市场化进程中还存在诸多问题,其中,铁水联运运价规制不完善,该制度下制定的运价不能随行就市,这是制约铁水联运市场改革和发展的一个重要因素,所以致力于铁水联运运价规制和定价方法的研究非常有必要。本文以铁水联运中的集装箱运输为主要研究对象,依据运价规制的基本理论,充分研究国内外运价规制的内容和改革历程,以市场形成价格为基础,分析我国集装箱铁水联运运价规制的现状,得出我国集装箱铁水联运运价规制中存在的问题,对铁水联运价格进行市场化效应分析,从而提出适合我国的集装箱铁水联运运价规制的制定原则和运价规制的内容,在这种运价规制的基础上,分析铁水联运集装箱运价的构成和特点,从运营成本、市场供需、市场竞争和差异四个方面入手分析铁水联运集装箱定价的影响因素,在该定价影响因素下分析铁水联运集装箱可以采用的定价方法,分别分析各种定价方法在铁水联运集装箱运输定价中的优缺点,对各定价方法详细分析之后得出对于铁水联运集装箱运输定价不能只局限于针对一种影响因素的定价方法,而是应该结合所有定价影响因素对铁水联运集装箱运价进行综合制定。本文通过模糊层次分析法计算出定价影响因素的权重比值,通过该权重比值分析定价影响因素的重要性,为铁水联运集装箱运价制定提供理论参考。然后,对铁水联运集装箱进行市场细分,在市场分类情况下,针对不同运输服务,考虑集装箱运输需求和竞争进行铁水联运集装箱综合定价,提出一种适合我国的铁水联运集装箱定价方法的建议,即用成本定价方法制定基本运价,在此基础上,考虑市场需求、竞争和差异的情况下在不同阶段用不同的定价方法调整运价的一种铁水联运集装箱定价方法。
[Abstract]:Railway and waterway transportation are important parts of integrated transportation system and play an important role in bulk and long distance freight transportation. At present, the proportion of goods turnover of these two modes of transportation in the integrated transportation system accounts for 68%, which provides a strong guarantee for the smooth and safe operation of the national economy. For this reason, the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Communications have put forward a mode of transportation through combined iron and water transport, which can realize the joint transportation of two major modes of transport in China. It can effectively optimize the layout of transport channels, reduce transportation links, shorten transportation cycles, and improve transport efficiency. Reduce transportation costs and promote energy conservation and emission reduction. However, there are still many problems in the process of marketization. Among them, the regulation of the freight rate is not perfect, and the tariff established under the system can not be followed by the market. This is an important factor that restricts the reform and development of the hot metal intermodal transport market, so it is necessary to study the regulation and pricing methods of the freight rate. Based on the basic theory of freight rate regulation, the content and reform course of freight rate regulation at home and abroad are fully studied in this paper, which is based on the market formation price. Based on the analysis of the current situation of the regulation of the freight rate of China's container hot metal intermodal transport, the problems existing in the regulation of the freight rate of China's container hot metal intermodal transport are obtained, and the market-oriented effect of the price of the combined transport of molten iron is analyzed. In this paper, the author puts forward the principles and contents of the regulation of the freight rate of the container through iron and water transport in China. On the basis of the regulation of the freight rate, the paper analyzes the composition and characteristics of the container price of the combined transport of iron and water, including the operation cost, the supply and demand of the market, and so on. Four aspects of market competition and difference are analyzed to analyze the influence factors of the container pricing, and under the influence factors, the paper analyzes the pricing methods that can be used in the container through the hot metal transport. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various pricing methods in the container transport of molten iron transport. After analyzing the pricing methods in detail, it concludes that the pricing of the container transport through the hot metal transport should not be limited to one kind of pricing method which affects the factors. It should be combined with all the factors affecting the pricing of the integrated formulation of the combined iron-water container price. In this paper, the weight ratio of the influencing factors is calculated by the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and the importance of the factors is analyzed, which provides a theoretical reference for the formulation of the freight rate of the container through the combined transport of iron and water. Then, the market segmentation of the transmodal container is carried out. In the case of market classification, considering the demand and competition of container transport, the integrated pricing of the container is carried out in the light of different transport services. This paper puts forward a suggestion of the container pricing method suitable for our country, that is, to make the basic freight rate with the cost pricing method, on the basis of which, considering the market demand, In the case of competition and difference, a container pricing method with different pricing methods to adjust the freight rate at different stages.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F532;F552;F224

【参考文献】