基于弹性理论的城市轨道交通定价研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 07:21

本文选题：城市轨道交通 + 定价　；参考：《长安大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：合理的城市轨道交通票价水平不仅可以使城市轨道交通成为缓解城市交通拥堵问题的有效手段，还可以使其公益性和经济效益得到双重实现。票价水平与客运量之间存在弹性关系，票价的变动会引起客运量的变动，客运量的大小又是城市轨道交通公益性和经济效益的表现形式。因此，从城市轨道交通票价与客运量之间的弹性关系入手，利用经济学和统计学理论方法进行分析，寻求公益性和经济效益双重实现的票价制定方法，，对城市轨道交通票价的长期发展具有重要的指导意义。本文从研究国内外轨道交通票价制定现状入手，分析了国内外轨道交通票价制定的一般性理论和定价模型的优缺点。接着对弹性理论进行了概述，并对城市轨道交通票价与客运量之间的弹性关系进行理论分析，然后根据北京城市轨道交通统计数据定量分析了票价与客运量之间的弹性关系，得出城市轨道交通票价与客运量之间是缺乏弹性关系的。基于票价与客运量缺乏弹性关系，同时考虑到可能影响城市轨道交通客运量的其它因素，认为应该分阶段制定与城市经济发展相适应的票价，以最大限度的实现城市轨道交通的公益性和经济效益。之后本文对西安地铁进行实证分析，根据西安地铁发展规划与城市经济的发展趋势，考虑到影响西安地铁票价制定的相关因素，将西安地铁运营分成四个发展阶段，并对各阶段西安地铁票价的制定提出建议。最后为本文的结论部分，对论文作了一个简短的总结，并指出了本文的不足之处以及需要进一步讨论的问题。
[Abstract]:Reasonable ticket price level of urban rail transit can not only make urban rail transit become an effective means to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion, but also make its public welfare and economic benefit dual realization. There is a flexible relationship between the level of ticket price and the volume of passengers. The change of ticket price will cause the change of passenger volume, and the size of passenger volume is the manifestation of public welfare and economic benefit of urban rail transit. Therefore, starting from the elastic relationship between urban rail transit fares and passenger volume, this paper analyzes the relationship between urban rail transit fares and passenger volume by means of economics and statistical theory, and seeks a fare formulation method, which is both public welfare and economic benefits. It has important guiding significance for the long-term development of urban rail transit ticket price. In this paper, the author analyzes the general theory and the advantages and disadvantages of the domestic and foreign rail transit ticket pricing model from the study of the domestic and foreign rail transit ticket pricing status. Then the elastic theory is summarized, and the elastic relationship between the ticket price and the passenger volume of urban rail transit is analyzed theoretically, and then the elastic relationship between the ticket price and the passenger volume is quantitatively analyzed according to the statistical data of Beijing urban rail transit. It is concluded that the relationship between ticket price and passenger volume of urban rail transit is inelastic. Based on the inelastic relationship between ticket price and passenger volume, and taking into account other factors that may affect the passenger volume of urban rail transit, it is considered that the ticket price should be determined in stages to adapt to the urban economic development. In order to maximize the realization of urban rail transit public welfare and economic benefits. Then this paper makes an empirical analysis of Xi'an Metro, according to the development plan of Xi'an Metro and the development trend of urban economy, considering the relevant factors that affect the pricing of Xi'an Metro, the operation of Xi'an Metro is divided into four stages of development. And puts forward the suggestion to each stage Xi'an subway ticket price formulation. Finally, a brief summary is made for the conclusion of this paper, and the shortcomings of this paper and the problems that need to be further discussed are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F572.5;F224

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