客运专线条件下铁路枢纽物流系统优化

发布时间：2018-06-07 04:52

本文选题：铁路枢纽 + 物流系统　；参考：《中南大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：规模宏大的客运专线网络将从根本上改变我国铁路运输系统能力紧张的状况,长期制约铁路物流发展的能力瓶颈有望得到消除,使现代铁路物流业的发展具备了基本条件。本文以铁路枢纽物流系统为研究对象,借助系统工程、复杂网络和经济学等相关理论和方法,重点研究了客运专线对铁路枢纽物流系统的影响,以及客运专线条件下,铁路枢纽物流系统的空间网络、服务网络和组织网络的演化和优化问题。 (1)客运专线对铁路枢纽物流系统的影响分析构建了客运专线对铁路枢纽物流系统的影响模型,提出客运专线须借助铁路货运系统和城市经济系统两个媒介,从能力供给和物流需求两方面影响铁路枢纽物流系统。构建铁路枢纽物流系统的耗散结构模型,提出在推动铁路枢纽物流系统演化的过程中,起关键作用的力量是铁路物流发展政策。在客运专线条件下,只有同步提升铁路枢纽的物流能力,才能克服串联型系统能力的相互制约,有效运用既有线释放的货运能力。建立了经济联系强度测度模型,并根据武广客运专线开通前后的数据,提出武广客运专线开通对城市经济联系强度具有显著影响。 (2)铁路枢纽物流系统空间网络优化首先构建铁路枢纽物流系统空间网络概念模型,然后运用复杂网络理论和方法研究了我国铁路枢纽物流空间网络,并提出优化策略,最后建立基于三角模糊数的物流中心选址评价模型,并利用TOPSIS算法对郑州铁路枢纽物流系统空间网络进行了优化。在我国铁路枢纽物流空间网络中,各车站的重要性具有明显的层次性：少数车站的度很大,在网络中处于重要地位；大多数车站在网络中的重要性基本相同,处于较低层次；铁路枢纽近似无标度网络。铁路枢纽物流空间网络演化模型也表明：客运专线将促使铁路枢纽内的物流量趋向集聚,网络具有收敛性；节点的吸引力和边的权重影响使物流量不大可能全部集中在某一中心节点而形成单中心网络,而是会分化形成多中心的层次网络。所以,铁路枢纽物流空间网络优化策略首先是从铁路枢纽所有物流节点中选出少数节点作为物流中心；其次需要提高中心节点之间边的运输能力,使其承担网络“轴”的功能；最后将其它非中心节点连接到中心节点上,并根据需要在某些非中心节点间建立连接。 (3)铁路枢纽物流系统服务网络优化构建了铁路枢纽物流系统服务网络模型,分析了其内涵和特征,并研究了客运专线条件下铁路枢纽的货物运输组织优化问题。在客运专线条件下,铁路枢纽运输组织具有以下特点：以物流中心为基地,组织直达运输；以运行图为核心,组织运输生产。通过引入随机决策优化理论,重点研究了列车解编时间随机变动情况下编组站阶段计划优化问题,构造了该问题的随机机会约束规划模型,通过对随机机会约束的清晰化处理,提出改进遗传算法进行问题的求解。通过对算例运算与不考虑随机因素的计算结果进行比较,表明机会约束优化能取得可靠性更高的调度计划。 (4)铁路枢纽物流系统组织网络优化运用交易成本理论对铁路枢纽物流系统的组织网络进行了分析和优化,并利用纳什谈判模型研究了铁路枢纽物流横向联盟和纵向联盟的利益分配问题。分析表明：铁路枢纽必须要改变目前多头管理的现状,建立一个权威管理机构,统一管理枢纽内的货运站和货场。否则,各货运站由于其资产专用性低等交易特征,往往会采取市场模式,而不是趋向联合。应单独组建铁路枢纽物流中心,以企业模式开展物流业务；铁路运输企业与各专业运输公司在现阶段可建立紧密型的战略合作伙伴关系,并逐步过渡到企业模式；物流联盟等混合模式是铁路运输企业与路外大型工矿企业和第三方物流企业之间治理关系的合理选择。铁路枢纽物流联盟各成员在利益分配上,除了应获得各自联盟的利润以外,还应按比例分配溢出利润。
[Abstract]:The large - scale passenger dedicated line network will fundamentally change the state of China ' s railway transportation system ' s ability , and the bottleneck of the long - term restriction on the development of railway logistics is expected to be eliminated . The paper focuses on the influence of passenger dedicated line on the logistics system of railway hub and the evolution and optimization of the spatial network , service network and organization network of railway hub logistics system under the condition of passenger dedicated line .

( 1 ) Analysis on the Influence of Passenger Dedicated Line on Logistics System of Railway Junction

The paper constructs the influence model of passenger dedicated line on the logistics system of railway hub , and puts forward that the passenger dedicated line will influence the railway hub logistics system from two aspects of capacity supply and logistics demand by means of two media of railway freight system and urban economic system .

( 2 ) Optimization of Spatial Network for Logistics System of Railway Junction

Firstly , the concept model of the spatial network of the logistics system of the railway hub is constructed , then the logistics spatial network of the railway hub in China is studied by using the complex network theory and method , and the optimization strategy is put forward . Finally , the logistics center location evaluation model based on the triangular fuzzy number is established . In the logistics space network of the railway terminal in China , the importance of each station has obvious hierarchy : the degree of a few stations is large , and is in an important position in the network ;
Most stations are of the same importance in the network and are at a lower level ;
The evolution model of railway hub logistics space network also shows that the passenger dedicated line will cause the mass flow in the railway hub to converge and the network has convergence ;
Therefore , the optimization strategy of railway hub logistics space network is to select a few nodes from all the logistics nodes of the railway hub as the logistics center ;
Secondly , it is necessary to improve the transport capacity of the edge between the central nodes , so that it can assume the function of network " axis " ;
the other non - central nodes are finally connected to the central node and a connection is established between some non - central nodes as needed .

( 3 ) Optimization of Service Network for Logistics System of Railway Junction

This paper constructs the service network model of railway hub logistics system , analyzes its connotation and characteristics , and studies the optimization problem of freight transportation organization of railway hub under the condition of passenger dedicated line . Under the condition of passenger dedicated line , railway hub transportation organization has the following characteristics : taking logistics center as base and organizing direct transportation ;
By introducing the stochastic decision optimization theory , the optimization problem of marshalling station phase plan under random variation of train decoupling time is studied . The stochastic chance constrained programming model of this problem is constructed . By comparison with the calculation result of random chance constraint , this paper presents an improved scheduling plan for the optimization of opportunity constraint .

( 4 ) Network Optimization of Logistics System of Railway Junction

This paper analyzes and optimizes the organization network of railway terminal logistics system by using transaction cost theory , and uses Nash bargaining model to study the distribution of interests of railway hub logistics transverse alliance and vertical alliance .
Railway transportation enterprises and specialized transportation companies can establish close type strategic cooperative relationship at present stage , and gradually transition to enterprise model ;
Mixed mode , such as logistics alliance , is a reasonable choice between railway transportation enterprises and external large - scale industrial and mining enterprises and third - party logistics enterprises .
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U294.13

【参考文献】