香港国际航运中心的转型升级及其影响因素探析

发布时间：2018-06-22 23:41

本文选题：国际航运中心 + 转型升级　；参考：《暨南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：香港是一个由转口贸易发展起来的港口城市，长久以来，港口业务带动了当地经济各行各业的发展。然而随着世界经济和航运市场重心的东移、亚洲地区的航运业的蓬勃发展、内地加大力度建设现代化大规模港口码头以及华南地区新兴港口的悄然兴起，格局开始发生变化。香港传统的国际航运中心出现动摇，其港口业务开始出现衰落的迹象，航运业发展前景不容乐观。香港政府及业界如何寻求生存之道，如何实现转型升级，如何与内地新兴港口分工合作，实现互利共赢，是摆在我们面前亟需解决的难题，也是本文研究的重点所在。本文以海港区位论、产业转型与产业升级理论和波特的竞争力理论为基础，运用比较优势分析方法，在充分归纳和理解相关重点概念和理论的基础上，首先分析世界航运业发展格局与香港国际航运中心发展面临的机遇，再结合珠三角港口群的发展情况分析香港国际航运中心发展面临的问题及转型升级的必要性，其次对香港航运中心的影响因素进行实证分析，再而综合理论与实证结果分析香港航运中心转型升级的可能路径，并提出其与珠三角港口的分工合作模式，最后总括本文研究结果并提出政策建议。研究结果表明：国际航运市场中心已经从欧洲转移到亚洲，在亚洲各国经济与对外贸易发展迅速的情况下，船东及货主对航运业服务的需求不断增加，目前亚洲缺乏一个可以和伦敦一样提供完善周到服务的航运服务中心；香港的航运服务业已有一定发展水平，加上香港具备良好的金融环境与制度环境、内地港口蓬勃发展所产生的源源不断的航运服务需求，使得香港具备了向航运服务中心转型的基本条件；建立香港国际航运中心影响因素的指标体系，并利用灰色关联度分析法进行实证分析，，结果表明，香港航运中心影响因素的作用大小依此为金融业发展水平、运输成本波动、码头的建设水平、产业基础水平、开放度、贸易水平、生产要素、新兴港口的竞争；为打造具有国际竞争力的港口群，核心是将香港定位为亚洲的航运交易和定价、管理、人才中心，广州港、深圳港、珠海港、虎门港及其他中小喂给港则应从具体情况出发，发挥港口比较优势，承接分流自香港的传统业务，推动珠三角组合港竞争力的提升。
[Abstract]:Hong Kong is a port city developed by entrepot trade. However, with the shift of the center of gravity of the world economy and shipping market to the east, the vigorous development of the shipping industry in Asia, and the quietly rising of the modern large-scale port terminals in the mainland and the emerging ports in South China, the pattern has begun to change. Hong Kong's traditional international shipping center has wavered, and its port business is beginning to decline. How the Hong Kong government and industry seek to survive, how to achieve transformation and upgrade, how to work with the emerging ports in the mainland, and how to achieve mutual benefit and win-win situation is a difficult problem that needs to be solved in front of us, and it is also the focus of this paper. Based on the port location theory, industrial transformation and industrial upgrading theory and Porter's competitiveness theory, this paper uses comparative advantage analysis method to fully summarize and understand the relevant key concepts and theories. Firstly, it analyzes the development pattern of the world shipping industry and the opportunities for the development of Hong Kong's international shipping center, and then analyzes the problems faced by the development of Hong Kong's international shipping center and the necessity of its transformation and upgrading in the light of the development of the Pearl River Delta port group. Secondly, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of Hong Kong's shipping center, and then analyzes the possible path of the transformation and upgrading of Hong Kong's shipping center by comprehensive theory and empirical results, and puts forward the mode of division of labor and cooperation between Hong Kong's shipping center and the port of the Pearl River Delta. Finally, this paper summarizes the results of the study and puts forward policy recommendations. The results show that the center of the international shipping market has been transferred from Europe to Asia. With the rapid development of the economies and foreign trade of Asian countries, the demand of shipowners and shippers for shipping services is increasing. At present, Asia lacks a shipping service center that can provide the same services as London. Hong Kong's shipping service industry has a certain level of development, and Hong Kong has a good financial and institutional environment. The continuous demand for shipping services arising from the booming development of mainland ports has enabled Hong Kong to have the basic conditions for transforming into a shipping service center; and to establish an index system for the factors affecting Hong Kong's international shipping center. The result shows that the influence factors of Hong Kong shipping center are the development level of financial industry, the fluctuation of transportation cost, the construction level of wharf, the level of industry foundation and the degree of openness. Trade level, factors of production, competition of emerging ports, the core of which is to position Hong Kong as Asia's shipping trading and pricing, management, talent center, Guangzhou port, Shenzhen port, Pearl Harbor, Humen Port and other small and medium feeding ports should start from the specific conditions, give full play to the comparative advantages of the port, undertake the traditional business from Hong Kong, and promote the competitiveness of the Pearl River Delta combination port.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F560.85

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