基于RPSCP框架下我国民航业政府规制改革绩效研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 23:28

本文选题：RPSCP + 民航业　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前，我国正处在市场经济体制逐渐成熟的时期。我国自然垄断性行业一直伴随着市场经济体制的深化改革，己成为社会各界关注的焦点。民航业不仅仅是国民经济的重要组成部分，而且在一定程度上关系着国家安全。民航业的发展直接影响到国民经济的发展状况，因此，我国民航业在国民经济运行过程中居于基础性、战略先导性等重要地位。中国民航业是较早进行放松规制、市场化改革的产业之一。自改革开放以来，中国民航业在打破政府垄断、引入竞争方面取得了一定的成效，，多家民营航空公司相继进入民航市场，民营航空公司从无到有、从小到大，市场占有率也不断提高，但在航线准入、航班时间的安排方面与大航空公司的竞争力较弱，小型航空公司试图用价格战挽回颓势，但效果似乎不尽人意。本文运用理论分析和实证分析相结合的方法，结合我国对民航业的规制历程分析规制改革绩效，运用比较分析的方法，结合我国的实际国情，将我国民航业的发展和政府规制现状与美国等发达国家比较，发现了产业组织理论SCP基本框架在我国民航产业组织研究中存在的问题和局限性，融合规制理论和产权理论，提出了民航产业组织的RPSCP（规制制度-产权结构-市场结构-市场行为-市场绩效）框架，将政府规制改革与新的产业组织理论框架结合起来进行研究，从两者互动的角度解释政府规制的改革进程，并在此框架下对我国民航业规制改革的绩效进行实证检验，建立多元线性回归模型，利用民航业1990年至2010年的时间序列数据，将政府规制（Regulation）、产权结构（Property）、市场结构（Structure）等变量对反映规制改革绩效的运输总量、机票价格、利润水平、服务质量指标进行实证检验，实证结果表明：（1）民航业规制制度的放松与运输总量显著正相关，与利润水平、服务质量显著负相关，而规制制度的放松对机票价格的变化没有显著作用。（2）民航业国有产权比率与运输总量、机票价格、利润水平显著正相关，国有产权比率与服务质量显著负相关。（3）民航业市场集中度（CR3）与机票价格显著正相关，市场集中度（CR3）与利润水平、服务质量显著负相关，而对运输总量没有显著作用。本文还分析了民航业在当前经济周期中发展的其它影响因素，其中包括规制政策、航油价格、高铁以及人民币持续升值的影响，民航业面临的机遇和挑战并存。最后，结合我国民航业的实际情况，提出相关政策建议：加强制度体系建设，提高规制质量；建立健全规制制度，优化竞争机制；适当调整产业结构，深化产权改革；提高网络结构效率，强化国际竞争。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the market economy system gradually mature period. With the deepening reform of the market economy system, the natural monopoly industry has become the focus of attention. Civil aviation is not only an important part of national economy, but also relates to national security to some extent. The development of civil aviation industry has a direct impact on the development of the national economy. Therefore, the civil aviation industry of our country plays an important role in the operation of the national economy. China's civil aviation industry is an early deregulation, market-oriented reform of one of the industries. Since the reform and opening up, China's civil aviation industry has achieved certain results in breaking the government monopoly and introducing competition. Many private airlines have entered the civil aviation market one after another. Market share is also growing, but in route access, flight scheduling with the major airlines are less competitive, small airlines trying to use price war to reverse the decline, but the effect seems to be unsatisfactory. This paper uses the method of combining theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, combined with the regulation process of China's civil aviation industry to analyze the performance of regulatory reform, using the method of comparative analysis, combined with the actual situation of our country. Comparing the development of China's civil aviation industry and the current situation of government regulation with the developed countries such as the United States, this paper finds out the problems and limitations of SCP basic framework in the study of civil aviation industry organization in China, and combines the theory of regulation with the theory of property rights. The RPSCP framework of civil aviation industry organization is put forward, which combines the government regulation reform with the new industrial organization theory framework. This paper explains the reform process of government regulation from the angle of interaction between the two, and makes an empirical test on the performance of civil aviation regulation reform in this framework, establishes a multivariate linear regression model, and makes use of the time series data of civil aviation industry from 1990 to 2010. The government regulation (regulation), property (property), market structure (structure) and other variables to reflect the performance of regulatory reform of the total transport, ticket prices, profit levels, service quality indicators for empirical testing, The empirical results show that: (1) the relaxation of civil aviation regulation system is significantly positively correlated with the total transport volume, negatively correlated with the profit level and service quality. However, the relaxation of regulation system has no significant effect on the change of air ticket price. (2) the ratio of state-owned property right in civil aviation industry is significantly positively related to the total amount of transportation, ticket price and profit level. (3) Civil aviation market concentration (CR3) has a significant positive correlation with air ticket price, while market concentration (CR3) is negatively correlated with profit level and service quality, but has no significant effect on total transportation. This paper also analyzes other factors that influence the development of civil aviation industry in the current economic cycle, including regulation policy, aviation oil price, high-speed rail and the impact of RMB continuous appreciation. The opportunities and challenges of civil aviation industry exist side by side. Finally, according to the actual situation of China's civil aviation industry, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions: strengthening the system construction, improving the regulation quality, establishing and perfecting the regulation system, optimizing the competition mechanism, adjusting the industrial structure appropriately, deepening the property right reform; Improve the efficiency of network structure and strengthen international competition.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F562

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