中日道路客运政府规制比较性研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 11:01

本文选题：道路旅客运输 + 政府规制　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：道路旅客运输市场的稳步发展对我国的国民经济运行起到举足轻重的作用，政府规制是市场供求机制作用的客观结果，通过对一般均衡理论和市场失灵论的阐述证明，道路旅客运输市场经济实现一般均衡的条件是严苛的，我国现实市场经济状况无法满足条件，市场失灵是常态，政府必须进行经济规制，通过政府规制政策纠正我国道路客运行业市场失灵。纵观各发达国家道路旅客运输业政府规制演变历程，过严或过宽的规制均无法为道路客运行业发展提供适当发展空间，会造成包括规制成本在内的巨额社会成本以及规制失灵、环境污染、能源消耗、交通拥挤等问题，，极大损害市场的效率。我国的道路客运业同样经历了严格到放松规制的变迁历程，现阶段的道路客运政府规制处于初级探索时期，现行规制的运营机制束缚着运输行业的制度创新和技术创新，市场经济体制在道路客运领域作用的发挥还有待于政府自身规制变革。我国道路客运政府规制应以明确政府规制手段与合理强度、探索并开拓道路旅客运输发展的新思路。经济性规制是政府规制经济学最主要的内容，我国道路客运政府经济性规制主要关注政府在约束客运营运企业的进入与退出、运输企业定价等方面，鉴于现阶段道路客运经济性规制体系仍然不够健全，本文特别针对经济性规制的市场准入及价格规制等方面进行深入全面的比较分析。日本在自然环境、文化传统等方面与我国都有相似之处，并且是道路运输业发展水平最高的国家之一，研究日本道路旅客运输政府规制，并与我国相应行政管理体制进行比较分析，无疑有利于发现现阶段我国客运政府规制体制的盲点及问题，提高我国道路客运政府规制水平，促进完善我国道路客运业政府规制的发展。
[Abstract]:The steady development of the road passenger transport market plays an important role in the national economic operation of our country. Government regulation is the objective result of the mechanism of market supply and demand, which is proved by the elaboration of the general equilibrium theory and the theory of market failure. The conditions for the general equilibrium of the road passenger transport market economy are strict, the actual market economy situation in our country cannot meet the conditions, the market failure is the norm, and the government must carry out economic regulation. To correct the market failure of China's road passenger transport industry through government regulation policy. Throughout the evolution of government regulation of road passenger transport industry in developed countries, too strict or too wide regulation can not provide the appropriate development space for the development of road passenger transport industry, which will result in huge social cost including regulation cost and regulation failure. Environmental pollution, energy consumption, traffic congestion and other problems, greatly damage the efficiency of the market. The road passenger transport industry in our country has also experienced the process of change from strict to deregulation. At present, the government regulation of road passenger transport is in the initial exploration period, and the operation mechanism of the current regulation restrains the system innovation and technological innovation of the transportation industry. The role of market economy system in the field of road passenger transport has yet to be regulated by the government itself. The government regulation of road passenger transport in China should explore and open up new ideas for the development of road passenger transport by clarifying the means and reasonable intensity of government regulation. Economic regulation is the main content of government regulation economics. The government economic regulation of road passenger transport mainly concerns the government in restricting the entry and exit of passenger transport operators and the pricing of transport enterprises. In view of the fact that the economic regulation system of road passenger transport is still not perfect at present, this paper makes a thorough and comprehensive comparative analysis on the market access and price regulation of economic regulation. Japan has similarities with China in natural environment, cultural tradition and other aspects, and is one of the countries with the highest level of development of road transport industry. This paper studies the government regulation of road passenger transport in Japan. The comparison and analysis with the corresponding administrative system of our country will undoubtedly help to find the blind spots and problems of the government regulation system of passenger transport in our country at the present stage, and improve the level of government regulation of road passenger transport in our country. Promote the development of government regulation of road passenger transport industry in China.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F542;F543.13

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