中东铁路“地亩处事件”述略

发布时间：2018-06-30 07:12

本文选题：中东铁路 + 地亩处　；参考：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2014年01期

【摘要】：中东铁路管理局地亩处是负责管理经营铁路"附属地"土地的重要机构,是沙俄侵略中国殖民东北政策的主要执行部门。地亩处的存在严重损害了中国的主权和领土完整。1923年,奉系集团宣布撤销中东铁路管理局地亩处,成立东省特别区地亩管理局,意图收回地亩权,捍卫国家主权,维护国家利益。但在地亩权收回过程中,白俄分子负隅顽抗,美、英、法、日等国也频频施压,北京政府和奉系集团利用外交、军事、政治等几方面手段,经过一年多的交涉和斗争,最终收回了被沙俄掠去近30年的中东铁路地亩权。"地亩处事件"实际上是多方势力针对中东铁路控制权所展开的明争暗斗的一个缩影,苏联政府对中东铁路的态度也在事件中有所体现,特别是其接管中东铁路管理局之后表现出来的延宕拖沓,引起了奉系集团的不满,为日后奉苏关系的冲突埋下了伏笔。
[Abstract]:The Middle East Railway Administration Bureau is an important organization in charge of managing the "subsidiary land" of the railway, and is the main executive department of Czarist Russia's invasion of China's colonial northeast policy. The existence of the land mu seriously damaged the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China. In 1923, the Fengjianyi Group announced the abolition of the Middle East Railway Administration Bureau and the establishment of the Eastern Province Special area Land mu Administration with the intention of recovering the land mu right and defending national sovereignty. Safeguard the national interest. However, in the process of reclaiming land acres, the White and Russian elements put up their defiant resistance. The United States, Britain, France, Japan, and other countries also frequently put pressure on the Beijing government and religious groups to use diplomatic, military, political and other means, after more than a year of negotiations and struggle. He finally recovered the right to the Middle East Railway which had been plundered by Russia for nearly 30 years. " The "Dimu incident" is in fact a microcosm of an open and secret struggle between various forces over the control of the Middle East railway, and the attitude of the Soviet government towards the Middle East railway is also reflected in the incident. In particular, the delay in its takeover of the Mideast Railway Authority caused discontent among the Mideast group and set the stage for future conflicts between the Soviet Union and China.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所;黑龙江大学俄罗斯研究院;
【基金】：中俄人文合作协同创新中心重大攻关项目“中俄关系历史档案汇编(1917~1929)”(批号2012ZD001)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F531

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