城市定制公交定价分析

发布时间：2018-07-02 19:43

本文选题：定制公交 + 城市交通　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,城市化进程不断加快,城市机动车保有量不断攀升,交通拥堵和环境污染问题日趋严重,成为了制约城市发展的"城市病"。政府为治理交通拥堵问题提出了公交优先策略,伴随着人们出行方式的日趋多样化,定制公交顺势而出,成为了多元化公交系统的一部分。"一人一座、一站直达、便捷舒适"的定制公交的出现,引起了社会的广泛关注。在这样的背景下,迫切需要一个科学合理的票价保证定制公交的持续稳定发展,并且现阶段各地定制公交票价都是统一票制,现有的票价制度使上座率没有得到保证。基于此,本文通过构建分时定价双层规划模型对原票价进行优化分析。本文首先总结了国内外定制公交的发展现状以及公共交通的定价现状,通过概括定制公交的内涵、属性、特点,明确了定制公交的定位,总结了定制公交与其他公共交通方式的区别以及各自的优缺点,通过对定制公交开行现状的总结,分析了定制公交现阶段存在的不足。在分析总结几个基本定价方法的优缺点后,结合定制公交定价的影响因素,选择分时段定价,引入了分时定价双层规划模型,通过平衡企业收益和乘客出行成本,制定一个全局最优的定价模型,并给出了求解算法。最后将定价方法应用到成都定制公交D006号线进行算例分析,得到分时定价后的票价和客流量,对比公交公司提供的现阶段收益和客流量水平,得出了分时定价既提前锁定了客流、提高了定制公交的实载率,又能使企业客票收益提高的结论。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the process of urbanization is speeding up, the number of urban motor vehicles is increasing, and the problems of traffic congestion and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious, which has become the "urban disease" that restricts the development of the city. The government has put forward the bus priority strategy to deal with the traffic jams. With the increasing diversification of people's travel modes, customized public transport has become a part of the diversified public transport system. " The emergence of one-person, one-stop, convenient and comfortable public transport has aroused widespread concern of the society. Under this background, there is an urgent need for a scientific and reasonable fare to ensure the sustained and stable development of customized public transport, and at the present stage, the customized bus fare is a unified ticket system, and the existing fare system does not guarantee the attendance rate. Based on this, this paper constructs a time-sharing pricing bilevel programming model to optimize the original ticket price. This paper first summarizes the development of custom-built public transport and the pricing status of public transport at home and abroad, by summarizing the connotation, attributes and characteristics of custom-made public transport, the positioning of custom-made public transport is clarified. This paper summarizes the differences between custom public transport and other modes of public transportation, and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Through the summary of the current situation of customized public transportation, the shortcomings of customized public transport at present are analyzed. After analyzing and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of several basic pricing methods, combined with the influencing factors of customized bus pricing, the time-sharing pricing model is introduced to balance the enterprise income and passenger travel cost. A global optimal pricing model is developed and a solution algorithm is given. Finally, the pricing method is applied to Chengdu custom bus line D006 for example analysis, and the time-sharing pricing ticket price and passenger flow are obtained, and the current income and passenger flow level provided by the bus company are compared. The conclusion that time-sharing pricing can not only lock in passenger flow ahead of time, improve the real load rate of custom-made public transport, but also increase the income of enterprise passenger ticket.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F572

【参考文献】