纯电动出租车经济效益与服务定价分析模型

发布时间：2018-09-06 20:36

【摘要】：在上海市现有传统出租车市场的基础上建立电动出租车的运营环境,基于充电与换电模式、充电时间与换电频率、单日运营时间构建电动出租车6种运营模式,利用电动汽车行驶质量与能耗回归模型,界定车辆动力电池容量.进而构建基于购置成本、使用成本、驾驶员工资、营业收入的全生命周期经济效益评价模型,基于油价上涨、电价上涨、电池成本下降3种不同情景,建立纯电动出租车的服务定价模型.计算结果表明:换电模式比充电模式盈利能力强;燃油价格年均上涨5%以上的情景下,电动出租车可以在5年与燃油出租车实现同等盈利;电价上涨10%,电动出租车服务价格则需上涨1%;电池成本若能够显著降低50%,电动出租车的服务价格将比燃油出租车低7%.
[Abstract]:Based on the existing traditional taxi market in Shanghai, the operating environment of electric taxi is established. Based on charging and switching mode, charging time and power exchange frequency, operating time of one day, six kinds of electric taxi operating mode are constructed. The vehicle power battery capacity is defined by using the regression model of driving mass and energy consumption of electric vehicle. Based on the cost of purchase, the cost of use, the salary of the driver, and the operating income, the whole life cycle economic evaluation model is constructed, and based on three different scenarios, the increase of oil price and the decrease of battery cost. The service pricing model of pure electric taxi is established. The results show that the power exchange mode is more profitable than the charging mode, and the electric taxi can achieve the same profit as the fuel taxi in 5 years when the fuel price increases more than 5% per year. The price of electricity will rise by 10 percent, and the price of electric taxi services will have to rise by 1 percent; if the cost of batteries can be significantly reduced by 50 percent, the service price of electric taxis will be 7 percent lower than that of fuel taxis.
【作者单位】：同济大学汽车学院;
【基金】：国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划(2011AA11A287) 上海市科技发展基金软科学研究重点项目(13692103600)
【分类号】：F572

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