道路客运行业管理改革研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 10:37

【摘要】：道路客运经过多年的持续增长式发展,道路客运的发展出现拐点。尤其在东部地区,高铁网络相对发达,对道路客运业所造成的冲击更加明显。道路客运业经营变差,现有企业的生存和发展困难。行业管理模式是重要诱因,相应的原先隐藏于高速发展背后的行业管理弊端逐渐凸显。针对行业特征,研究可行的行业管理改革方案,系统设计改革原则和基础,对我国道路客运业健康发展具有重要意义。从客运发展历史入手,分析现行客运管理产生背景和原因。利用问卷调研旅客的出行特征,分析不同因素对客运的影响,研究需求特点。研究道路客运的市场供给情况,统计分析站内市场和站外市场运行特点。汇总分析各项调研结果,从行业管理、企业经营、客运站场和市场机制四个方面进行系统分析,归纳问题产生原因。拟定出行业管理改革初步方案,调研行业管理部门和企业,确定改革实施方案。现有管理模式不能适应道路客运发展的新形势。便捷是影响旅客出行方式选择的关键,价格不再敏感。而市场供给中,站内市场表现的便捷性较差,服务质量较低,站外市场长期存在的问题并未能解决。从整体来看,政府、企业和市场之间,形成错位的同时又未能及时调整,造成企业经营的极大束缚。通过改革,可以进一步放权简政,将与企业经营行为相关的内容还给市场,才有可能实现市场中的竞争规则。以审批模式为主的行业管理,不仅束缚企业的经营调整,而且成为行业健康发展的巨大阻力。市场规则和运行模式尚未建立,需要从实际需求出发进行深入改革,才能释放市场的活力,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定作用。
[Abstract]:After years of continuous growth of road passenger transport, the development of road passenger transport appears inflection point. Especially in the eastern region, high-speed rail network is relatively developed, the impact on the road passenger transport industry is more obvious. The operation of road passenger transport industry has become worse, and the existing enterprises have difficulty in survival and development. The industry management model is an important inducement, the corresponding industry management malpractice hidden behind the high-speed development gradually highlights. According to the characteristics of the industry, it is of great significance for the healthy development of China's road passenger transport industry to study the feasible scheme of industry management reform and systematic design of reform principles and foundations. Starting from the history of passenger transport development, this paper analyzes the background and causes of current passenger transport management. This paper investigates the travel characteristics of passengers by questionnaire, analyzes the influence of different factors on passenger transportation, and studies the characteristics of demand. This paper studies the market supply of road passenger transportation, and analyzes the operating characteristics of the market inside and outside the station. The research results are summarized and analyzed systematically from four aspects: industry management, enterprise management, passenger terminal and market mechanism, and the causes of the problems are summed up. Draw up a preliminary plan for industry management reform, investigate industry management departments and enterprises, and determine the implementation plan of the reform. The existing management mode can not adapt to the new situation of road passenger transport development. Convenience is the key to the choice of passenger travel mode, price is no longer sensitive. In the market supply, the market performance in the station is poor, the service quality is low, and the problems existing in the off-station market have not been solved for a long time. On the whole, the government, enterprises and the market, the formation of dislocation at the same time failed to adjust in time, resulting in great constraints of enterprise management. Through the reform, it is possible to realize the competition rules in the market by further devolving power and simple administration, and returning the contents related to the business behavior of the enterprise to the market. The industry management based on examination and approval mode not only restrains the management adjustment of enterprises, but also becomes a great resistance to the healthy development of the industry. The market rules and operation mode have not been established yet, so it is necessary to carry on the thorough reform from the actual demand, in order to release the vitality of the market and give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F542

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