安徽省高速公路节约集约用地研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 10:12

【摘要】：研究目的：以实现经济、社会、生态综合效益为总目标，通过构建高速公路土地节约集约利用评价指标体系，分析研究安徽省高速公路土地利用模式的节约集约水平，为安徽省高速公路与土地利用协调发展提供参考和借鉴。本文以定性与定量相结合、理论与实践相结合、动态与静态相结合、文献检索、实地调查及AHP层次分析法等为主要的研究方法。研究结果：（1）高速公路建设通过影响区域土地资源的开发利用、土地利用的结构和布局及沿线地价等途径，带动土地利用类型和方式的变化；反之，土地利用的方式、结构及强度又影响高速公路的形式、结构和布局；（2）根据高速公路工程建设标准，总结安徽省高速公路土地利用存在平原区宽打宽算的经济型用地模式、微丘区物尽其用的持续型用地模式及山岭重丘区环境友好的生态型用地模式。其中，平原区主要通过降低路堤、路基高度、架桥等工程措施减少占地；微丘区利用不易耕作的岗地、坡耕地作为取土场减少占地，同时通过复垦造地，增加土地；山岭重丘区依靠提高桥隧比例减少占地，并结合自然边坡技术，注重生态环境保护；（3）从土地利用程度、用地效益、绩效管理三个方面建立了安徽省高速公路土地节约集约利用评价指标体系，包括高速公路占地率、高速公路面积密度、高速公路网综合密度、地区生产总值与高速公路用地增长弹性系数、单位面积增加就业岗位、单位面积高速公路投入、单位面积高速公路产出、单位面积高速公路网客运量、单位面积高速公路网货运量、高速公路网负荷均衡度、高速公路网连通度、高速公路水土流失率、闲置土地处理率、临时用地处理率、土地有偿使用率15项指标因子；（4）安徽省高速公路建设项目存在占用耕地面积大，筹资难、用地效益不均，土地利用强度不高，临时用地粗放、复垦难，生态环境影响大等问题。研究结论：（1）高速公路建设与土地利用存在紧密的互动关系，要在科学发展观的指导下相互协调，实现高速公路节约集约用地；（2）安徽省高速公路用地规模急剧增长，，高速公路带来了显著的经济、社会、生态效益；（3）安徽省高速公路土地利用节约集约处于中度水平，主要原因是高速公路占地率、高速公路面积密度、高速公路网综合密度、单位面积高速公路增加就业岗位数、高速公路网均衡度5个指标因子分值较低；（4）针对安徽省高速公路土地利用存在的问题，提出了创新节约集约用地机制、建立高速公路节约集约用地规范、加大节约集约用地理念、技术的推广力度、健全节约集约用地评价体系、探索融资新途径及推进信息技术的应用六项措施。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to realize the comprehensive benefit of economy, society and ecology. Through constructing the evaluation index system of freeway land saving and intensive utilization, the paper analyzes and studies the saving and intensive level of expressway land use mode in Anhui Province. For the coordinated development of highway and land use in Anhui Province to provide reference and reference. The main research methods in this paper are qualitative and quantitative, theory and practice, dynamic and static, literature retrieval, field investigation and AHP analytic hierarchy process. The research results are as follows: (1) Expressway construction can influence the development and utilization of regional land resources, the structure and layout of land use and the land price along the route to promote the change of land use types and modes. The structure and intensity also affect the form, structure and layout of the expressway. (2) according to the highway construction standards, the paper summarizes the economic land use mode of the expressway land use in Anhui Province, which is based on the calculation of the width and width of the plain area. The sustainable land use model and the eco-friendly ecological land use model in the mountainous and heavy hilly areas. Among them, the plain area mainly by reducing the embankment, roadbed height, bridge and other engineering measures to reduce the land, micro-hilly area using the hillock is difficult to cultivate, sloping farmland as the soil field to reduce the land occupied, at the same time, through reclamation, increase the land; Depending on increasing the proportion of bridge and tunnel to reduce the occupation of land and combining with natural slope technology, the mountain and heavy hill area should pay attention to the protection of ecological environment. (3) according to the degree of land use, the benefit of land use, The evaluation index system of land saving and intensive utilization of expressway in Anhui Province is established in three aspects of performance management, including the rate of expressway occupation, the density of expressway area, the comprehensive density of highway network. The regional GDP and the elasticity coefficient of expressway land use increase, the unit area increases the employment position, the unit area highway input, the unit area highway output, the unit area highway network passenger volume, Volume of freight per unit area of expressway network, load balance of expressway network, connectivity of expressway network, soil and water loss rate of expressway, disposal rate of idle land, treatment rate of temporary land use, 15 index factors of paid land use rate; (4) the expressway construction project in Anhui Province has some problems, such as large area of occupied farmland, difficulty in raising funds, uneven benefit of land, low intensity of land use, extensive temporary land use, difficult reclamation and great impact on ecological environment. The conclusions are as follows: (1) there is a close interaction between expressway construction and land use, so we should coordinate with each other under the guidance of the scientific development view to realize the expressway economizing and intensive land use; (2) the scale of expressway land use in Anhui Province has increased rapidly. Expressway has brought remarkable economic, social and ecological benefits. (3) the intensive land use in Anhui Province is at a moderate level, mainly due to the expressway occupation rate, freeway area density, and highway network comprehensive density. Increasing the number of jobs per unit area expressway, the highway network equilibrium degree of five index factors score is low; (4) aiming at the existing problems of highway land use in Anhui Province, the paper puts forward the innovation and saving intensive land use mechanism. To establish the standard of saving intensive land for freeway, to increase the idea of saving intensive land, to popularize the technology, to perfect the evaluation system of saving intensive land, to explore new ways of financing and to promote the application of information technology.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F301.2;F542

【相似文献】