班轮公司集装箱空箱在途库存控制研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 03:35
【摘要】：金融危机爆发以来,集装箱班轮运输行业面临着极为漫长的效益低迷时期,班轮公司大多采取减少空箱持有数量、退租空箱等策略以求节约成本。但当经济形势有所好转时,闲置运力投入过快,用箱需求激增,空箱保有量不足,长久以来困扰集装箱运输行业的难题——空箱流转问题愈加凸显。 基于如上背景,本文拟采用库存理论相关概念,从空箱在途库存角度深入研究和探讨空箱流转问题,正视空箱在途运输过程中所占用资金的时间、风险等隐性成本,以成本控制为目标,充分分析班轮公司在当前严峻时期该如何谋求长远发展。 首先,分析空箱流转现象产生原因,描绘具体运作流程,总结其特点、目标要素、管理现状及问题所在;其次,创新性地提出空箱在途库存成本相关概念,阐述成本构成,推导相关公式,分析影响因素及控制方法;最后,分别构建空箱供需确定和随机条件下的海运空箱在途库存整数规划模型,并进一步扩大研究范围至多式联运系统,以成本最小化为优化目标,结合动态规划思想,以Lingo11.0和Matlab软件作为求解工具,分别得到最优空箱调度方案和租箱方案。本文引入空箱在途库存成本理念,不仅在理论上可填补现有研究的空白,并且在现实中有助于班轮公司切实提高空箱流转水平。
[Abstract]:Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the container liner shipping industry is facing a very long period of low efficiency. Most liner companies adopt the strategies of reducing the number of empty containers and withdrawing empty containers in order to save costs. But when the economy is improving, idle capacity is being invested too fast, demand for containers has soared, and empty containers are not enough, the problem of empty container flow, which has long plagued the container industry, has become increasingly prominent. Based on the above background, this paper intends to adopt the related concept of inventory theory to study and discuss the problem of empty container flow from the perspective of empty container inventory, and to face up to the hidden cost of the time and risk of empty container transportation in the process of transportation. Taking cost control as the goal, this paper fully analyzes how the liner company should seek long-term development in the severe period. First of all, analyze the causes of empty box flow, describe the specific operation process, summarize its characteristics, target elements, management status and problems; Secondly, it puts forward the concept of inventory cost of empty box in transit innovatively, explains the cost structure, deduces the relevant formula, analyzes the influence factors and control methods. Finally, the integer programming model of empty container inventory in transit under the condition of empty container supply and demand determination and stochastic condition is constructed, and the research scope is further expanded to multimodal transport system. The optimization goal is to minimize the cost and combine with the idea of dynamic programming. The optimal empty box scheduling scheme and the lease box scheme are obtained by using Lingo11.0 and Matlab software. In this paper, the concept of empty container inventory cost is introduced, which can not only fill in the existing research gap in theory, but also help the liner company to improve the empty container flow level in practice.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U695.22
本文编号：2385266
[Abstract]:Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the container liner shipping industry is facing a very long period of low efficiency. Most liner companies adopt the strategies of reducing the number of empty containers and withdrawing empty containers in order to save costs. But when the economy is improving, idle capacity is being invested too fast, demand for containers has soared, and empty containers are not enough, the problem of empty container flow, which has long plagued the container industry, has become increasingly prominent. Based on the above background, this paper intends to adopt the related concept of inventory theory to study and discuss the problem of empty container flow from the perspective of empty container inventory, and to face up to the hidden cost of the time and risk of empty container transportation in the process of transportation. Taking cost control as the goal, this paper fully analyzes how the liner company should seek long-term development in the severe period. First of all, analyze the causes of empty box flow, describe the specific operation process, summarize its characteristics, target elements, management status and problems; Secondly, it puts forward the concept of inventory cost of empty box in transit innovatively, explains the cost structure, deduces the relevant formula, analyzes the influence factors and control methods. Finally, the integer programming model of empty container inventory in transit under the condition of empty container supply and demand determination and stochastic condition is constructed, and the research scope is further expanded to multimodal transport system. The optimization goal is to minimize the cost and combine with the idea of dynamic programming. The optimal empty box scheduling scheme and the lease box scheme are obtained by using Lingo11.0 and Matlab software. In this paper, the concept of empty container inventory cost is introduced, which can not only fill in the existing research gap in theory, but also help the liner company to improve the empty container flow level in practice.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U695.22
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王梅;基于在途库存成本的班轮公司集装箱空箱调运研究[D];大连海事大学;2012年
，本文编号：2385266
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