汽车牌照的资产属性及其价值评估研究

发布时间：2019-01-13 09:12

【摘要】：目前我国汽车数量增多引发了交通拥堵和环境问题。上海、北京、广州等城市相继利用汽车牌照作为车辆管理手段,实施私家车及单位用车拍卖等政策限制汽车保有量。而随着私家车购车难度的提升,出租车、“网约车”等营运类车辆发挥着越来越重要的作用,其车辆牌照转让价格飙升。车牌资产属性及其价值分析成为理论界较为关注的研究对象,对于汽车牌照定价方面的研究也亟待完善。本文从特许权资产属性入手,将车牌分为营运类车牌及非营运类车牌,并分别对其进行特许权种类界定,进而探究车牌的具体资产属性及其价值分析。文章运用收益法与市场法针对营运类及非营运类汽车牌照进行汽车牌照价值评估研究。在收益法方面,明确营运类车牌收益额、收益期限及折现率的计算口径,构建营运类汽车牌照收益法估值模型,并模拟案例进行模型检验;在市场法方面,以上海车牌拍卖10年数据为基础,运用市场法中的回归分析法进行实证回归,探索非营运类汽车牌照价格变动影响因素,从而提出较为合理的非营运汽车牌照定价模型,并进行市场法评估的模拟案例分析。研究表明,汽车牌照作为一种特许权,具有资产所具有的普遍属性及其作为车牌这一特许权的特殊属性,汽车牌照价格也可以从经济学的角度予以解释;运用收益法与市场法建立营运类及非营运类汽车牌照评估定价模型,能够为合理评估汽车牌照价值提供参考,并对特许权评估方法体系的丰富和完善提供一定的借鉴。
[Abstract]:At present, the increase in the number of cars in China has caused traffic congestion and environmental problems. Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and other cities have used vehicle license plates as vehicle management means, and implemented private car and unit car auction policies to restrict vehicle ownership. With the increase of the difficulty of private car purchase, the taxi, "net car" and other operating vehicles play a more and more important role, and the transfer price of vehicle license is soaring. The property of vehicle license plate and its value analysis have become the focus of theoretical research, and the research on vehicle license plate pricing needs to be improved. In this paper, the license plate is divided into the operating license plate and the non-operating license plate, and the license plate is defined respectively, and then the specific property of license plate and its value analysis are explored. This paper applies income and market methods to evaluate the value of vehicle license plates for operating and non-operating vehicles. In the income approach, the operating license plate revenue amount, income period and discount rate calculation caliber, build the operating vehicle license plate income method valuation model, and simulation cases to model test; In the aspect of market method, based on the 10 years' data of Shanghai license plate auction, this paper applies the regression analysis method in the market method to make empirical regression, and explores the influencing factors of the price change of non-operating vehicle license plate. A more reasonable pricing model of non-operating vehicle license plate is put forward, and a simulation case study of market method evaluation is carried out. The research shows that as a kind of concession, automobile license plate has the universal property of assets and its special attribute as license plate concession. The price of vehicle license plate can also be explained from the angle of economics. The use of income method and market approach to establish the operating and non-operating vehicle license plate evaluation pricing model can provide a reference for the reasonable evaluation of vehicle license plate value and the enrichment and improvement of concession evaluation method system.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F572

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