基于运到期限约束下铁路货物装运方案研究

发布时间：2019-02-21 12:59

【摘要】：长期以来,铁路货物运到期限由于落后的组织管理模式难以得到保证。从上世纪九十年代开始,铁道部一方面通过对既有线改造、加快高速客运线路建设,扩大了路网规模；另一方面组织货运向集中化、直达化、快捷化方向发展,开发了行包专列、行邮专列、五定班列等货运新产品。这些措施在一定程度上吸引了高附加值货源、提高了货运速度,同时也为货代公司优化装运方案提供了可能。合理的装运方案不但能够保证货物运到期限的要求,还能使铁路物流资源得到合理的利用。因此,本文针对货物运到期限约束下装运方案的制定进行研究,主要工作包括以下几个部分。文章首先从铁路货运组织模式开始研究,结合货运市场和铁路的现状,对比分析得出由货代公司租用经营多品类货运列车,受理并组织货物装运的模式是未来发展趋势的结论。接着研究了铁路货物运到期限的计算方法,各种货物列车运输货物所需的时间长度、列车编挂各种货车的特点以及货代公司经营业务的策略等因素。在货运列车客车化开行的前提下,将货物按运到期限不同相应的分为多个批次,在此基础上,以货车满载率最大为目标,货物运到期限和运输能力为主要约束,建立了描述本文问题的数学模型。最后在模型求解过程中,按运输组织模式不同分别进行研究。从问题本身出发,主要基于运到期限的约束下,实现货车满载率最大的目标,运用First Fit算法,找到装载货物的路径和顺序,求出了模型的解。并通过Y物流公司的实例对算法的性能进行了验证,从准时率、满载率、利润方面分析了其合理和有效性,既达到了本文的研究目的,也进一步完善了铁路货运组织理论。
[Abstract]:For a long time, it is difficult to guarantee the delivery period of railway goods because of the backward organization and management mode. Since the 1990s, on the one hand, the Ministry of Railways has expanded the scale of the network by reforming the existing lines and speeding up the construction of high-speed passenger lines. On the other hand, the organization of freight to centralization, direct, rapid development of the direction of the development of luggage and bags, line mail, five scheduled train and other new freight products. To some extent, these measures attract high value-added sources, increase the speed of freight transportation, and make it possible for freight forwarders to optimize their shipping plans. Reasonable shipping plan can not only guarantee the time limit of goods delivery, but also make rational use of railway logistics resources. Therefore, this paper studies the formulation of shipment scheme under the time limit of shipment, which includes the following parts. This paper begins with the research of railway freight transport organization mode, combining with the current situation of freight market and railway, and draws the conclusion that the mode of accepting and organizing cargo shipment is the future development trend that freight forwarders hire and operate multi-category freight trains. Then it studies the calculation method of railway freight delivery period, the length of time needed by various freight trains to transport goods, the characteristics of various freight cars, and the strategies of freight forwarding companies. On the premise of the freight train passenger train running, the goods are divided into several batches according to the different delivery period. On this basis, the maximum full load rate of the freight car is taken as the target, and the time limit and the transportation capacity of the goods are the main constraints. A mathematical model is established to describe the problem in this paper. Finally, in the process of solving the model, according to different transport organization model, respectively. From the point of view of the problem itself, under the constraint of the time limit, the maximum full load rate of freight car is achieved. The path and sequence of loading goods are found by using First Fit algorithm, and the solution of the model is obtained. Through the example of Y logistics company, the performance of the algorithm is verified. The rationality and validity of the algorithm are analyzed from the aspects of punctual rate, full load rate and profit. It not only achieves the purpose of this paper, but also further improves the theory of railway freight transport organization.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U294.1

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