基于协同学理论的中欧（亚）班列货运组织优化研究
发布时间：2019-04-16 19:43
【摘要】：中欧(亚)班列货运组织面临着货源不足、运输成本高、补贴压力大以及同质化竞争激烈等诸多问题。以上问题的出现是由众多相互联系、相互影响的因素导致的,单靠一家班列运营方通过降低运价、货运补贴等优惠手段短时间内难以解决,需要各班列相互协同合作才能促进班列稳定长效运营。查阅相关研究文献或方针文件发现,以往所提出的措施、政策等协作建议或不全面或缺乏具体任务实施安排。鉴于此,从协同学的角度去分析众多班列间的竞合与协同效能、探索班列货运协同组织优化模式是十分必要的。文章首先探究概述了国际班列货运组织的内涵,从货源货流、车流、列流以及出入境组织四个方面入手对中欧(亚)班列货运组织现状进行了梳理分析,得到了班列货运组织现存的问题和发展趋势。并从系统学角度将班列货运组织研究划分为宏观、中观和微观三个层面的系统结构,结合班列运营现状和现实需求把研究范围界定为中欧(亚)班列运营中观竞合系统。然后,基于协同学理论并结合中欧(亚)班列货运组织实际状况,从协同特征、协同动因及协同要素三个方面剖析了中欧(亚)班列货运组织的协同特性,得出中欧(亚)班列货运组织的四个协同特征、两类协同动因、八大协同模块以及29个协同要素。接着,运用解释结构模型方法得出班列协同发展过程中的序参量—班列货运量和班列市场需求量,并借助绝热消去原理推导出了班列间的协同学模型。通过非线性微分方程组稳定性证明、平衡点求解,探讨得出中欧(亚)班列货运组织存在:协同关系越强,相互影响越大;合作是双赢的,竞争是双损的;协同关系不同,市场规模变化情况各异等演化机制。最后,基于协同学这一研究视角,结合班列运行实际,从货源货流组织、车流组织、列流组织以及出入境组织四个方面,给出了中欧(亚)班列货运组织的优化策略、方案、构想以及措施。其中,根据现阶段班列多采用直达运输的实际状况,构建了一个班列车流协同组织的多目标非线性优化模型,利用混合遗传算法进行求解,探讨得出了通过协调车流组织开行直达班列的优化方案,数值仿真证明方案能够有效降低班列货运成本并提高班列满载率。该研究既可以为中欧(亚)班列经营企业单位改善和提升通道服务水平提供方法和着力点,同时也能为班列发展政策制定和制度设计部门提供参考。
[Abstract]:China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization faces many problems, such as shortage of goods, high transportation cost, heavy subsidy pressure and intense competition for homogenization and so on. The emergence of the above problems is caused by a number of interrelated and mutually affecting factors, and it is difficult to solve these problems in a short period of time by reducing freight rates, freight subsidies and other concessionary means such as reducing freight rates and freight subsidies by a single train operator. We need to cooperate with each other in order to promote the stable and long-term operation of the train. Referring to relevant research documents or policy documents, it is found that previous measures, policies and other collaborative recommendations are incomplete or lack of specific mission implementation arrangements. In view of this, it is very necessary to analyze the competing and cooperative efficiency of many classes from the angle of synergetic, and to explore the optimal mode of cooperative organization of freight transportation. The article first explores and summarizes the connotation of the international freight transport organization, and analyzes the current situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: cargo flow, traffic flow, train flow and entry-exit organization, and analyzes the current situation of China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization in China, Europe and Asia. The existing problems and development trends of freight transport organization are obtained. From the point of view of systematics, the research of freight train organization is divided into three levels: macro, meso and micro, and the scope of the research is defined as the Central Europe (Asia) train operation medium view competition system, combining with the current situation and practical needs of the train operation. Then, based on the synergetic theory and combined with the actual situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia), this paper analyzes the synergetic characteristics of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from three aspects: the synergetic characteristics, the synergetic motivation and the synergetic elements. Four synergetic features, two types of synergetic motivations, eight collaborative modules and twenty-nine synergetic elements of CEE (Asian) Freight Transport Organization are obtained. Then, using the method of interpretive structure model, the order parameter, freight volume and market demand, are obtained, and the synergetic model is deduced with the help of adiabatic elimination principle. By proving the stability of the nonlinear differential equations and solving the equilibrium point, it is concluded that the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other, the win-win cooperation and the double loss of competition, the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other. Synergetic relationship is different, the change of market scale is different and the evolution mechanism is different. Finally, based on the perspective of Synergetics and combined with the actual operation of the train, this paper presents the optimization strategy and scheme of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: the organization of cargo flow, the organization of traffic flow, the organization of train flow and the organization of entry and exit. Ideas and measures. In this paper, according to the actual situation of direct transportation, a multi-objective nonlinear optimization model of train flow cooperative organization is constructed and solved by hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA). This paper discusses the optimization scheme of direct train by coordinating traffic flow. The numerical simulation proves that the scheme can effectively reduce the freight cost and improve the full load rate of the train. This study can not only provide methods and focal points for the enterprises in Central Europe (Asia) to improve and upgrade the level of channel service, but also provide reference for the departments of policy-making and system design of train development.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F532.4
[Abstract]:China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization faces many problems, such as shortage of goods, high transportation cost, heavy subsidy pressure and intense competition for homogenization and so on. The emergence of the above problems is caused by a number of interrelated and mutually affecting factors, and it is difficult to solve these problems in a short period of time by reducing freight rates, freight subsidies and other concessionary means such as reducing freight rates and freight subsidies by a single train operator. We need to cooperate with each other in order to promote the stable and long-term operation of the train. Referring to relevant research documents or policy documents, it is found that previous measures, policies and other collaborative recommendations are incomplete or lack of specific mission implementation arrangements. In view of this, it is very necessary to analyze the competing and cooperative efficiency of many classes from the angle of synergetic, and to explore the optimal mode of cooperative organization of freight transportation. The article first explores and summarizes the connotation of the international freight transport organization, and analyzes the current situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: cargo flow, traffic flow, train flow and entry-exit organization, and analyzes the current situation of China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization in China, Europe and Asia. The existing problems and development trends of freight transport organization are obtained. From the point of view of systematics, the research of freight train organization is divided into three levels: macro, meso and micro, and the scope of the research is defined as the Central Europe (Asia) train operation medium view competition system, combining with the current situation and practical needs of the train operation. Then, based on the synergetic theory and combined with the actual situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia), this paper analyzes the synergetic characteristics of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from three aspects: the synergetic characteristics, the synergetic motivation and the synergetic elements. Four synergetic features, two types of synergetic motivations, eight collaborative modules and twenty-nine synergetic elements of CEE (Asian) Freight Transport Organization are obtained. Then, using the method of interpretive structure model, the order parameter, freight volume and market demand, are obtained, and the synergetic model is deduced with the help of adiabatic elimination principle. By proving the stability of the nonlinear differential equations and solving the equilibrium point, it is concluded that the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other, the win-win cooperation and the double loss of competition, the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other. Synergetic relationship is different, the change of market scale is different and the evolution mechanism is different. Finally, based on the perspective of Synergetics and combined with the actual operation of the train, this paper presents the optimization strategy and scheme of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: the organization of cargo flow, the organization of traffic flow, the organization of train flow and the organization of entry and exit. Ideas and measures. In this paper, according to the actual situation of direct transportation, a multi-objective nonlinear optimization model of train flow cooperative organization is constructed and solved by hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA). This paper discusses the optimization scheme of direct train by coordinating traffic flow. The numerical simulation proves that the scheme can effectively reduce the freight cost and improve the full load rate of the train. This study can not only provide methods and focal points for the enterprises in Central Europe (Asia) to improve and upgrade the level of channel service, but also provide reference for the departments of policy-making and system design of train development.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F532.4
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