政企不分对铁路产业改革的阻碍与改革顺序的问题研究

发布时间：2019-05-23 06:11

【摘要】：垄断产业改革是我国改革的重要内容,垄断产业改革的成败对我国经济平稳增长以及社会安定和谐有着重要的意义。然而我国垄断产业改革困难重重,有些垄断产业的改革经历了很多阶段,依然存在很多问题；而有些产业,如铁路产业,改革则停滞不前。铁路产业近年来暴露了很多问题,包括客货运力紧张、铁路服务水平低下,铁路建设领域存在的招投标乱象,安全问题等。社会大众对于铁路产业改革的呼声很高,形势颇为紧迫,但是铁路产业改革的大幕迟迟没有揭开,其中的原因值得深思。电信、电力等产业的技术经济与铁路产业相比,可能更为复杂,但是电信产业改革已经取得了显著的成效,因此可以排除铁路技术经济的复杂性这一原因。而利益集团对改革的阻碍在其他垄断产业也同样存在。经过分析,本文认为,是政企不分的体制造成了铁路产业改革的落后。首先,本文系统地研究了我国经济普遍存在的政企不分问题,归纳总结了政企关系的不同层次。其次,本文基于利益集团的视角,利用博弈方法分析不同层次的政企关系对改革不同程度的阻碍,并结合铁路产业的特殊性分析铁路产业改革落后的原因。再次,本文利用我国A股上市公司的数据,实证检验政企不分对企业绩效的影响,并从多个角度分析政企不分对已经实行的垄断产业改革的不利影响。学术界在讨论我国垄断产业改革存在的各种问题及应该采取何种改革方案时,往往忽略改革的顺序问题,而改革的顺序问题却是改革成败的关键。本文结合以上的分析,即在政企不分会严重阻碍改革的进程及改革的效果的前提下,改革的顺序应首先考虑解决政企不分的问题,讨论铁路改革在建立有效的规制机构与分拆式重组之间的顺序问题。本文分为五部分,具体为前言、政企不分对铁路产业改革的阻碍、政企不分对垄断产业改革的不利影响、铁路产业改革的顺序、结论与政策建议。第一部分为前言部分,主要论述本文的选题背景及其理论、实践意义,介绍领域内的相关文献、本文采取的研究方法以及创新之处。第二部分为政企不分对垄断产业改革的阻碍,本部分的内容主要是对政企不分的详细研究,分析政企不分如何阻碍垄断产业改革的机制,分析铁路产业的特殊性如何影响铁路改革的进程。本部分首先讨论了政企不分的概念,归纳总结了政企关系的四个层次；其次以利益集团中中央政府与规制机构的不同视角,利用斯坦克尔伯格领导者模型分析了政企不分的规制机构为何会对垄断产业改革加以阻碍,并结合铁路产业存在的特殊政企不分现象分析铁路产业改革为何落后。第三部分是政企不分对垄断产业改革的不利影响,本部分内容以政治关联作为政企不分的代替变量,研究政企不分对企业绩效的影响,从几个角度分析了政企不分对垄断产业改革的不利影响。实证研究以A股上市公司为样本,得到的结论是政治关联对企业绩效的影响是消极的。第四部分是铁路产业改革的顺序,本部分主要论述在政企不分是铁路产业改革的主要阻碍因素且会对改革产生消极影响的前提下,铁路改革首先要改制,其次才是分拆。第五部分是结论与政策建议,本部分对全文的研究结论加以归纳总结,并提出相应的政策建议。本文的研究方法主要有逻辑分析与历史分析相结合、归纳与演绎、理论分析与计量分析相结合、逻辑分析和规范分析相结合。本文主要有三个创新点：第一,规范的研究政企不分问题,并建立一个评价政企不分的数值体系；第二,将政企不分的因素考虑到利益集团博弈模型中,结合铁路产业的特殊性分析政企不分对铁路产业改革的阻碍机制；第三,以A股上市公司为考察样本检验政企不分对企业绩效的影响。
[Abstract]:The reform of the monopoly industry is an important part of the reform of our country. The success or failure of the reform of the monopoly industry is of great significance to the steady growth of our economy and the harmony of the social stability. However, the reform of the monopoly industry in our country is very difficult, and some of the reform of the monopoly industry has gone through many stages, and there are still many problems; and some industries, such as the railway industry, have stagnated. In recent years, the railway industry has been exposed to many problems, including the shortage of passenger and freight, the low service level of the railway, the problems in the area of railway construction, the security problems and so on. The public's voice for the reform of the railway industry is high, the situation is urgent, but the large curtain of the reform of the railway industry has been delayed, and the reasons for the reform are worth thinking. The technology economy of the industries such as telecommunications, electricity and other industries may be more complex than the railway industry, but the reform of the telecommunication industry has achieved remarkable results, so the complexity of the railway technical economy can be eliminated. And interest groups are also in the same way in other monopolistic industries. After the analysis, this paper holds that the system of the government and the enterprise has caused the backwardness of the reform of the railway industry. First of all, this paper systematically studies the common problems of the state-owned enterprises in our country, and sums up the different layers of the relationship between the government and the enterprise. Second, based on the interest group's perspective, this paper analyzes the different degree of obstruction of the relationship between the government and the enterprise of different levels by using the game method, and analyzes the original of the backward of the reform of the railway industry in the light of the particularity of the railway industry Because of.............................................................................................................................. In order to solve the problems of the reform of the monopoly industry in our country and what reform plans should be taken, the order of reform is often ignored, and the reform order is the success or failure of the reform. This paper, on the basis of the above analysis, is that, on the premise of the process of the reform and the effect of the reform, the order of the reform should first consider the problems of the government and the enterprise, and discuss the relationship between the effective regulation mechanism and the split-type reorganization in the reform of the railway. The paper is divided into five parts, which are the foreword, the foreword, the obstruction of the reform of the railway industry, the unfavorable influence of the government and the enterprise on the reform of the monopoly industry, the order and conclusion of the reform of the railway industry. The first part is the preface, which mainly discusses the background and the theory, the significance of the subject and the relevant literature in the field. The second part is the obstacle to the reform of the monopoly industry, and the content of this part is mainly about the detailed study of the government and enterprise, and the analysis of the mechanism of the reform of the monopoly industry, and the analysis of the particularity of the railway industry This part first discusses the concept of the enterprise and enterprise, summarizes the four levels of the relationship between the government and the enterprise, and then takes the central government and the central government in the interest group. According to the different perspectives of the regulatory agencies, the use of the Stank-Berger's leader model to analyze the reasons why the government-and-enterprise rules and regulations can hinder the reform of the monopoly industry, and to analyze the iron in combination with the special political and technological problems existing in the railway industry The third part is the negative effect on the reform of the monopoly industry, and the content of this part is the substitute of the political association as an alternative to the enterprise's performance, and the influence of the government and the enterprise on the performance of the enterprise is studied. The negative effect of the reform of the monopoly industry. The empirical study is the sample of A-share listed company, and the conclusion is the political correlation. The influence of the enterprise's performance is negative. The fourth part is the order of the reform of the railway industry. This part mainly discusses the reform of the railway industry without the main obstacles to the reform of the railway industry and the negative influence on the reform. The fifth part is the conclusion and the policy suggestion, and this part is the research conclusion of the full text. This paper summarizes and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations. The research methods of this paper mainly include the combination of the logic analysis and the historical analysis, the induction and the deduction, the theoretical analysis and the measurement. Combination, logic analysis and rules In this paper, there are three main points of innovation: first, the study of the first and the second, the study of the enterprise and the enterprise, and the establishment of a numerical system for evaluating the non-discrimination of the state-owned enterprise; and secondly, and taking into account the game model of interest groups, combining the factors of the government and the enterprise, combining with the railway industry, The special analysis of the blocking mechanism for the reform of the railway industry; and thirdly, in the A-share
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F532;F271

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