英国铁路私有化及其后续问题研究
发布时间：2021-04-07 16:40
世界上第一辆火车出现在英国,英国的繁荣得益于以蒸汽机车为代表的第一次工业革命。本论文旨在研究二战后英国的铁路情况、私有化的内容及其后续问题,从而更好地了解英国政府在制定铁路政策时的思路,以及解决后续问题的对策。以往的研究,或是对私有化的理论进行探讨,或是从总体上评价英国私有化政策,这些为本文提供了良好的学术研究基础。然而,现有的论文几乎未对英国铁路私有化前后的情况进行比较全面和系统的分析,甚至以私有化后英国铁路的问题来论证私有化是失败的。因此,本文对二战后英国铁路的发展以及私有化政策和后续影响进行了梳理和总结,明确了其发展脉络。本文所涉及到的方法是从时间上剖析英国铁路,采用了数据支持的定性分析及历史分析法。本文的创新之处在于进一步深入对英国铁路私有化这一话题的探讨,弥补对这一领域认知的不足:其一是当前研究多以私有化造成的问题为主,较少有文献指出问题产生的原因。本文力求还原英国铁路在私有化之后的真实表现,并着重探寻问题产生的原因。其二是所有制形式在战后英国经济体制中常被提及,战后共识在撒切尔夫人上台后中断,她在其任期内将英国大多行业进行了私有化,而铁路改革由其继任者梅杰主导。本文就此探究...
【文章来源】：北京外国语大学北京市 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：87 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
1.1 Research Significance
1.2 Research Questions
1.3 Literature Review
1.4 Methodology
1.5 Dissertation Structure
2. UK Railway in the Postwar Period
2.1 UK Railway before Privatization
2.2 Problems and Disputes over Railway's Positioning
2.3 Reforms and Changes
2.4 Assessment
3. UK Railway Privatization
3.1 UK Government's Thoughts on Central Planning and Market Mechanism
3.2 Government Policies and Process of Privatization
3.3 Performance of Privatization
4. Problems Unsolved after Privatization
4.1 Large Government Subsidy and Improper Pricing Rule
4.2 Insufficient Competition in the Market
4.2.1 Competition and Labor Costs
4.3 Poor Train Services and Safety Concerns
4.3.1 Safety Concerns after Train Crashes
4.4 Reactions to Privatization
5. Causes of Unsolved Problems
5.1 Political Factors
5.1.1 Political Factors in Public/Private Sector Management
5.1.2 Political Factors in Contract Length
5.2 Vertical Separation
5.2.1 Difficulty in Coordination
5.2.2 Cost Concerns between TOCs and the Infrastructure Provider
5.3 Improper Implementation
5.3.1 Incoherent Policies
5.3.2 Flaws in Franchising
6. Overall Conclusion
Works Cited
Figures and Tables
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]英国铁路转换经营机制及多元化经营问题研究[J]. 孟光宇,谭克虎. 经济问题探索. 2014(05)
本文编号：3123816
【文章来源】：北京外国语大学北京市 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：87 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
1.1 Research Significance
1.2 Research Questions
1.3 Literature Review
1.4 Methodology
1.5 Dissertation Structure
2. UK Railway in the Postwar Period
2.1 UK Railway before Privatization
2.2 Problems and Disputes over Railway's Positioning
2.3 Reforms and Changes
2.4 Assessment
3. UK Railway Privatization
3.1 UK Government's Thoughts on Central Planning and Market Mechanism
3.2 Government Policies and Process of Privatization
3.3 Performance of Privatization
4. Problems Unsolved after Privatization
4.1 Large Government Subsidy and Improper Pricing Rule
4.2 Insufficient Competition in the Market
4.2.1 Competition and Labor Costs
4.3 Poor Train Services and Safety Concerns
4.3.1 Safety Concerns after Train Crashes
4.4 Reactions to Privatization
5. Causes of Unsolved Problems
5.1 Political Factors
5.1.1 Political Factors in Public/Private Sector Management
5.1.2 Political Factors in Contract Length
5.2 Vertical Separation
5.2.1 Difficulty in Coordination
5.2.2 Cost Concerns between TOCs and the Infrastructure Provider
5.3 Improper Implementation
5.3.1 Incoherent Policies
5.3.2 Flaws in Franchising
6. Overall Conclusion
Works Cited
Figures and Tables
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]英国铁路转换经营机制及多元化经营问题研究[J]. 孟光宇,谭克虎. 经济问题探索. 2014(05)
本文编号：3123816
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