福州十八重溪风景名胜区生态旅游研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 02:16

本文关键词：福州十八重溪风景名胜区生态旅游研究　出处：《福建农林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生态旅游是指以生态学的原理为指导，在保护和不改变自然资源、人文资源的前提条件下，使区域内居民和企业在经济上受益，旅游者心理、生理或知识上受益，而进行的在一定限度内开发和利用自然资源的一种生态旅游活动。风景名胜区是开展生态旅游的良好载体，对发展生态旅游有极大地促进作用，风景名胜区的生态旅游研究也成为热点。本研究根据可持续发展理论、生态承载力理论、系统论、生态足迹理论、外部性理论、生态补偿机制理论、景观生态学理论、生态旅游规划理论等生态学及生态旅游理论和方法，采用文献资料收集、实地调查方法对十八重溪风景名胜区的生态旅游资源进行调查分析和评价，并提出规划建设和管理的基本方法和思路，具体研究结果如下： 1．应用层次分析法对十八重溪风景名胜区的生态旅游资源进行分析评价，结果表明：十八重溪风景名胜区生态旅游资源价值评价总得分是79.457分，属于良好等级。运用SWOT分析法得出，风景区的优势在于自然资源人为破坏较少，拥有丰富的动植物资源，多样的地质地貌景观，优质的水资源，良好的区位优势，便利的交通等。劣势是风景区内基础设施的建设缺乏合理的规划配置，交通通达性有待进一步的开发建设。经营管理薄弱，缺乏专业技术人才，环境保护宣传教育工作欠缺等。在当前福建省乃至全国大力发展旅游业的良好机遇下，应加强科学指导，科学规划建设，走可持续发展的道路。 2．运用面积法、卡口法、生态足迹法确定十八重溪风景名胜区旅游容量大小，为十八重溪风景名胜区规划开发提供科学依据，为风景区今后建设提供实际参考。主要研究结果如下：面积法计算十八重溪风景名胜区的年旅游容量为57.5万人次；卡口法计算风景区的年旅游容量为52.5万人次。生态足迹在综合考虑各种因素的基础上，计算出风景区的合理生态旅游容量为17万人次，比较前两种方法，生态足迹方法核算旅游容量更合理，在保护风景区的生态环境工作中更具有科学的指导意义。应采取相应措施，控制风景区的游客数量在生态旅游容量内，保障生态旅游资源的可持续利用。 3.运用德尔菲法，结合ArcGIS软件，对十八重溪风景名胜区的高程、坡度、坡向、植被图进行权重叠加分析，得出风景区的生态敏感性分布图。在此基础上，结合生态旅游规划理论原则，把风景区划分为不同功能区，它们分别是a重点生态保护区（该区包括福州十八重溪风景区内的溪流上游水源地区域，支流七重溪、八重溪的上游所在的陡崖区域，支流十八重溪上游的古崖山尾等区域。）；b适度开发区（该区包括福州十八重溪风景区内的溪流的各支流的溪谷地域，双龙瀑布、知音瀑布等水源地及附近等区域。）；c游憩区（该区包括福州十八重溪风景区的北入口处，及主溪流的两侧等区域。）。重点生态保护区要禁止一切的建筑设施的建设和旅游活动的开展，保护十八重溪风景名胜区的生物多样性，生态系统的平衡。适度开发区可以限制开展一定的旅游活动，控制游客数量。游憩区可以规划建设一定的亲水设施、基础的服务设施，增添娱乐项目，保障服务质量。在此基础上，设计合适的旅游线路，合理连接各个景点。在建设各项服务设施中要注意和周围自然环境协调一致，保障风景区的自然与人文和谐发展。 4．风景区的可持续发展应在良好的规划建设基础上，更要求高效合理的经营管理措施。本文主要从游客数量控制、政府、经营者、旅游者及当地社区居民管理五个方面入手，提出适宜于十八重溪风景名胜区的科学经营管理措施，促进风景区的生态环境保护。最后还提出了福州十八重溪风景名胜区生态旅游应建立生态补偿金制度，以维护因开展旅游活动受损的生态系统，从而实现生态旅游的可持续发展。风景区的生态旅游研究具有很高的实际应用价值，既创造了环境价值，更创造了社会、经济价值，，又满足了日益增长的旅游需求。十八重溪风景名胜区生态旅游的研究为进一步实施开发规划，实现可持续旅游提供了有益的借鉴。
[Abstract]:Eco - tourism is a kind of eco - tourism activity which is guided by the principles of ecology , which benefits the residents and enterprises in the region and benefits from the psychology , physiology or knowledge of the tourists . The scenic spots are good carriers for ecotourism , and the ecotourism research in the scenic spots is also the hot spot . According to the theory of sustainable development , ecological bearing capacity theory , systematic theory , ecological footprint theory , external theory , ecological compensation mechanism theory , landscape ecology theory , ecotourism planning theory , etc . 1 . Based on the analysis and evaluation of eco - tourism resources in Shihexi scenic spots by using analytic hierarchy process , the results show that the total score of eco - tourism resource value in Shihexi scenic spot is 79.457 , which belongs to a good grade . The advantage of scenic spot is that natural resources are destroyed less , abundant plant and plant resources , diverse geological and geomorphologic landscape , high quality water resources , good location advantage and convenient transportation . The disadvantage is that the construction of infrastructure in scenic spot is lack of rational planning and configuration , and the traffic accessibility needs to be further developed . 2 . Use area method , bayonet method and ecological footprint method to determine the tourism capacity of Shihexi scenic spot , provide scientific basis for the planning and development of the scenic spot of Shire River , and provide practical reference for the future construction of the scenic spot . The main research results are as follows : The area method calculates the annual tourism capacity of the scenic spot is 525,000 person - times . The ecological footprint method calculates the reasonable ecotourism capacity of the scenic spot is more reasonable than the first two methods . The ecological footprint method has more scientific significance in protecting the ecological environment of the scenic spot . The corresponding measures should be taken to control the number of tourists in the scenic spot to be within the ecotourism capacity , and the sustainable use of the ecotourism resources is guaranteed . 3 . Using Delphi method , combining with ArcGIS software , the elevation , slope , slope and vegetation chart of 18 heavy stream scenic spots are superposed and analyzed to obtain the ecological sensitivity distribution map of scenic spot . 4 . The sustainable development of the scenic spot should be based on good planning and construction , and more efficient and reasonable management measures should be put forward . This paper starts with five aspects of the control of tourists , the government , the operator , the tourists and the residents of the local community , and puts forward the scientific management and management measures suitable for the scenic spots of the 18 heavy streams to promote the ecological environment protection of the scenic spot . Finally , the ecological compensation system should be set up to protect the ecological system which is damaged by the tourism activities , so as to realize the sustainable development of ecotourism . The research of eco - tourism in scenic spot has high practical application value , which not only creates environmental value , creates social and economic value , but also meets the growing demand of tourism .

【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592.7

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