尕海—则岔国家级自然保护区游憩活动对植被的影响及旅游开发对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 16:29

本文选题：游憩 + 旅游影响系数　；参考：《甘肃农业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：甘肃尕海则岔自然保护区为国家级自然保护区、是我国境内一种独特的生态系统，对于维护当地生态系统的稳定具有重要的作用。尕海则岔自然保护区随着国家开发与投入的力度不断加大，旅游区环境接待能力逐渐增加，游客数量逐年攀升，给当地带来了巨大的经济社会效益，但也伴随的各种环境问题，保护区的植被环境受到一定程度的干扰，环境质量有所下降。因此大力开展生态旅游显得尤为重要，将保护区发展与牧区发展、植被环境保护结合统一，将对保护区植被环境的破坏降到最低，这样才能实现人与自然，人与环境的和谐相处，使保护区的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益协调统一，最终实现可持续发展。本文运用生态学、生态旅游学、旅游管理学等理论与方法，在实地调查的基础上，对保护区植被环境影响进行评价，并用spss分类法，根据旅游对植被影响程度，划分旅游等级影响区；系统分析了不同旅游影响指标之间的相关性，以及主要旅游影响指标对保护区植被环境的影响；在旅游影响等级分析、旅游者特征分析及生态旅游开发的基础上，提出了保护区植被保护与生态旅游管理及开发的建议。主要研究结果如下： (1)通过相关性及主成份影响分析结果显示，距游径的水平距离愈远，敏感水平愈低，景观重要值愈大，物种多样性信息指数愈大或者稳定，，旅游影响系数愈小。反之，敏感水平愈高，物种多样性信息指数愈不稳定，生态环境愈差，旅游影响系数愈高。 (2)根据旅游影响评价等级可知，整个保护区的植被生存环境质量较好，良好的地段主要位于距离游径较远的地段，中等管理水平的地段主要包括村庄与旅游区交界的地段以及远离主要景点的区域，少量差级水平的地段位于旅游区入口及旅游活动的集中地段。保护区独特的自然景观及适宜旅游的生态环境条件、再加上便利的交通，旅游前景广阔。 (3)根据SWOT分析，保护区旅游资源还有待进一步开发，旅游设施还不够完善，服务意识落后，景区相关产业发展滞后，未能形成一条促进经济增长的产业链，经营模式的单一化等不利于保护区旅游业的发展，需要进一步加强景区旅游管理工作，加强宣传教育，提高牧民及游客的素质；另外，需要加大资入，改善基础设施建设，增设旅游参与性项目，推出有特色的旅游产品。需要政府及有关部门进一步强化管理、改进服务、引进人才、加强保护区与周边的旅游景点的联系，实现联动发展。
[Abstract]:Gahai Zecha Nature Reserve is a national nature reserve, which is a unique ecosystem in China and plays an important role in maintaining the stability of local ecosystem.With the increasing development and investment of the country, the environmental reception capacity of the tourist area is gradually increasing, and the number of tourists is increasing year by year, which has brought enormous economic and social benefits to the local people, but it has also been accompanied by various environmental problems.The vegetation environment of the reserve is disturbed to a certain extent, and the environmental quality is decreased.Therefore, it is particularly important to develop ecotourism vigorously. By combining the development of protected areas with the development of pastoral areas and the environmental protection of vegetation, the damage to the vegetation environment of protected areas will be reduced to the minimum, so that man and nature can be realized.The harmony between man and environment can make the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit of the reserve coordinate and unify, and finally realize the sustainable development.In this paper, based on the field investigation, the environmental impact of protected area vegetation is evaluated by using the theories and methods of ecology, ecotourism and tourism management, and according to the degree of impact of tourism on vegetation, spss classification method is used.The correlation between different tourism impact indicators and the impact of main tourism impact indicators on the vegetation environment in protected areas are analyzed systematically.Based on the analysis of tourist characteristics and the development of ecotourism, some suggestions on vegetation protection and ecotourism management and development are put forward.The main findings are as follows:1) the results of correlation and principal component analysis showed that the farther away the horizontal distance from the swimming path, the lower the sensitivity level, the greater the important value of landscape, the greater or stable the information index of species diversity, and the smaller the tourism impact coefficient.On the contrary, the higher the sensitivity level, the more unstable the information index of species diversity, the worse the ecological environment, and the higher the tourism impact coefficient.(2) according to the grade of tourism impact assessment, the quality of vegetation living environment in the whole protected area is better, and the good location is mainly located in the area far away from the tourist path.The middle level of management mainly includes the area where the village and the tourist area are bordered and the area far from the main scenic spots, and a small number of sub-level lots are located in the entrance of the tourist area and the concentrated area of tourism activities.With its unique natural landscape and suitable ecological environment for tourism, and convenient transportation, tourism has a bright future.According to the SWOT analysis, the tourism resources in the protected areas need to be further developed, the tourist facilities are not perfect, the service consciousness is backward, the development of the related industries in the scenic areas is lagging behind, and the industry chain to promote economic growth has not been formed.The simplification of the business model is not conducive to the development of tourism in protected areas. It is necessary to further strengthen tourism management in scenic spots, strengthen publicity and education, and improve the quality of herdsmen and tourists. In addition, it is necessary to increase investment and improve infrastructure construction.Additional tourism participation projects, the introduction of tourism products with characteristics.It is necessary for the government and relevant departments to further strengthen the management, improve service, introduce talents, strengthen the relationship between the protected areas and the surrounding tourist attractions, and realize the linkage development.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592.7;S718.56

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