大连海岛社区参与旅游发展机制与模式研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 13:39

本文选题：大连海岛 + 社区参与　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，海岛旅游发展迅速，成为大连海岛新的经济增长点，但是，随着旅游发展的深入出现了社区与游客、开发商、政府之间，生态环境与旅游开发之间的矛盾，阻碍了海岛旅游的发展。而社区参与旅游的发展方式可以正确处理经济、社会、环境三者关系，是实现旅游可持续发展的有效途径。笔者试图把社区参与的发展方式引入大连海岛旅游发展，探讨大连海岛社区参与旅游发展的模式。文章共分为五大部分。第一部分主要阐述了国内外有关社区参与旅游发展的研究综述，并且界定了社区参与、海岛旅游等概念以及社区参与旅游发展的基础理论。这一部分为文章后面的研究提供了理论支持。第二部分主要分析了大连海岛旅游发展的现状并且以大连大长山岛和广鹿岛为研究对象探索了海岛社区居民参与旅游发展的现状。大连海岛旅游起步较晚但是发展迅速，同时暴露了许多问题：开发的旅游产品档次低、旅游市场小、管理不力、生态环境破坏严重等；笔者运用SPSS软件分析大长山岛和广鹿岛居民参与旅游发展的问题及原因，并在此基础上总结了大连海岛社区参与旅游发展的现状：海岛居民参与人数、内容、领域较少，局部参与占主导；海岛居民参与程度不深，被动参与为主；海岛居民参与处于初级阶段，参与层次较低；海岛居民参与旅游业的形式主要是自主经营和企业主导经营；参与主体不全面；参与旅游的模式主要有两种：“政府+社区居民+旅行社”模式和“政府+社区居民+旅游开发企业”模式。第三部分主要运用定量的分析方法分析大连海岛居民旅游影响感知以及参与旅游发展的态度，得出海岛居民参与旅游发展的意愿。笔者以大长山岛和广鹿岛为调查对象，通过发放问卷、访谈的形式得到居民旅游影响感知及参与旅游发展态度的数据，运用SPSS均值分析法、因子分析法、独立样t检验和单因素分析方法等进行分析，可知：大连海岛居民对旅游的影响感知强烈，但相比较而言广鹿岛居民对旅游影响的感知较为理性；大连海岛居民关于参与旅游发展的意愿非常强烈，非常愿意参与旅游发展。第四部分主要是在第二和第三部分的基础上，为保证实现大连海岛社区参与的旅游发展方式建立了五大机制。即（1）建立环境保护机制，主要体现在：海岛旅游开发应以维护海岛及其周边海域可持续发展的自然生态环境为前提；政府介入调研，引导改善海岛旅游模式，树立海岛旅游开发信心；借鉴国外经验，由政府主导，改善海岛基础设施条件；加强生态环境的保护教育，培养负责任的旅游管理者、旅游者和旅游从业人员；在主要的旅游海岛建立海岛环境监测站与旅游信息监测系统加强海岛监管力度，，规范海岛旅游秩序。（2）建立旅游规划决策机制，主要针对社区参与旅游规划的三个阶段相应的提出了实现社区参与的机制。（3）建立利益分配机制，首先确定了大连海岛社区参与的主体及角色定位，然后通过建立法律补偿、完善补偿机制、提供商业和就业机会、股份制经营这四个机制保障社区参与的利益。（4）在保障机制方面，建立了法律保障、制度保障、技术保障及培训保障等四个保障机制。（5）在评估方面，首先建立科学的评估标准，然后根据标准监督社区参与的实施。第五部分在建立社区参与大连海岛旅游发展的机制的前提下，文章最后提出了实现社区参与式旅游发展方式的模式。即“政府+海岛社区个体+海岛社区集体+旅行社+环境保护组织+科研机构”模式和“政府+海岛社区组织+旅游开发商+环境保护组织+科研机构”模式。
[Abstract]:In recent years, island tourism has developed rapidly and has become a new economic growth point for Dalian island. However, with the development of tourism, the contradiction between community and tourists, developers, government, ecological environment and tourism development has hindered the development of island tourism, and the development mode of community participation in tourism can correctly deal with the economy and society. The relationship between the three environment is an effective way to realize the sustainable development of tourism. The author tries to introduce the development mode of community participation into the development of Dalian island tourism and explore the mode of Dalian island community participation in tourism development.
The article is divided into five parts. The first part mainly expounds the research review on community participation in tourism development at home and abroad, and defines the concept of community participation, island tourism and other concepts, as well as the basic theory of community participation in tourism development. This part provides theoretical support for the research behind the article.
The second part mainly analyzes the present situation of the development of Dalian island tourism and explores the status of the island community residents' participation in tourism development in Dalian dagagan island and Guangzhou deer island. The Dalian island tourism starts late but develops rapidly, while exposing many problems: low grade of tourism products and small tourism market. The author uses SPSS software to analyze the problems and reasons for the participation of Dagan island and the residents of Guangdong deer island, and on the basis of this, summarizes the status of Dalian island community participation in Tourism Development: the number of participants, the content, the local participation and the participation of the island residents, and the participation of the island residents. There are two main modes of participation in Tourism: "government + community residents + travel agency" model and "government + community residence". The model of "people + tourism development enterprise".
The third part mainly uses the quantitative analysis method to analyze the perception of Dalian island residents' tourism impact and the attitude of participating in the tourism development, and draws the willingness of the island residents to participate in the development of tourism. The data of the exhibition attitude are analyzed by means of SPSS mean analysis, factor analysis, independent sample t test and single factor analysis. It can be seen that the impact of Dalian island residents on tourism is strong, but the residents' perception of tourism impact is more rational, and Dalian island residents' willingness to participate in tourism development is more rational. Very strong, very willing to participate in the development of tourism.
On the basis of the second and third parts, the fourth part has established five mechanisms to ensure the development of Dalian island community participation in tourism development. (1) the establishment of environmental protection mechanism. The main manifestation is that the island tourism development should be the premise of maintaining the sustainable development of the natural ecological environment in the island and its surrounding sea area; To guide the improvement of the island tourism model and establish the confidence of the island tourism development, the government led, the government led, the island infrastructure conditions, the ecological environment protection education, the responsible tourism managers, the tourists and the tourist employees, and the island environmental monitoring station on the main tourist island. And the tourism information monitoring system strengthen the island regulation and regulate the island tourism order. (2) the establishment of tourism planning decision-making mechanism, mainly aimed at the three stages of the community participation in tourism planning, the corresponding mechanism to realize community participation. (3) establish the benefit distribution mechanism, first determine the main body and role of the Dalian island community participation And then, by establishing legal compensation, perfecting the compensation mechanism, providing business and employment opportunities, and the four mechanisms of shareholding system to protect the interests of community participation. (4) in the security mechanism, the establishment of legal guarantee, system guarantee, technical guarantee and training and security, and other four protection mechanisms. (5) in the evaluation, the first to establish a scientific evaluation standard, Then the implementation of community participation is monitored on the basis of standards.
The fifth part, under the premise of establishing community participation in the development of Dalian island tourism, puts forward the mode of realizing the development mode of community participation tourism at the end of the article. That is, "government + island community individual + island community collective + travel agency + environmental protection organization + scientific research institution" and "government + island community organization + tourism developer +" Environmental protection organization + scientific research organization model.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D669.3;F592.7

【参考文献】