镜泊湖风景名胜区生态敏感性分析及可持续发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 05:35

本文选题：生态敏感性 + 风景名胜区　；参考：《东北农业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,旅游已经成为世界上最重要的经济活动之一,风景名胜区作为旅游的重要载体,日益受到关注和重视。风景名胜区是我国广袤国土上的精华地域,集中了大量宝贵的自然和文化遗产,迄今为止国务院共审定了风景名胜区885处,总面积约为18.54万km2,占国土总面积的1.93%,保护好我国的风景名胜区是当代人的历史使命。然而随着风景名胜区的迅速发展和大量游客的进入,水土流失、生态退化、环境污染、生物多样性减少等景区生态环境问题日益凸显,恰逢今年是中国风景名胜区设立30周年,因此,开展风景名胜区生态环境问题研究对景区可持续发展具有重要意义。本文从生态角度出发对镜泊湖风景名胜区进行研究,并对景区的可持续发展进行探讨,通过查阅国内外研究动态,现场调研,明晰研究区当前面临的主要生态环境问题,运用GIS技术对景区生态敏感性进行分析和评价,结合生态敏感性分析结果对风景区进行开发与保护分区研究,最后对镜泊湖风景名胜区发展进行SWOT分析,进而提出了景区可持续发展的战略。本文研究的成果如下： 1)首先阐述本研究的背景、目的意义,全面分析了国内外研究概况,立足于镜泊湖风景名胜区现状,明确生态环境存在的主要问题,进而对景区进行生态敏感性分析。 2)结合景区实际,从地形地貌、自然条件、生境、景观资源、人类干扰和政策法规六个方面选取高程、土壤、水体、生物多样性、景观价值、道路交通、景区规划等14个指标作构建生态敏感性评价指标体系,采用AHP层次分析法确定指标权重,在GIS技术支持下,通过加权叠加法分析研究区生态敏感性。研究区生态敏感性综合指数值在1.61-7.37之间,运用GIS技术手段将景区分为极敏感区、高度敏感区、中度敏感区、轻度敏感区和不敏感区,分别占研究区总面积的9.9%、28.7%、33.0%、15.5%、12.9%。研究表明：镜泊湖风景名胜区生态敏感性总体较高,以高度敏感区和中度敏感区为主。 3)从评价方法来看,评价单元的确定、评价指标的选取及指标权重的确定将对分析结果的科学性和准确性具有重要的影响；GIS技术强大的空间分析功能：通过图形处理与空间数据运算的有机结合,为生态敏感性分析提供了技术支持。 4)依据生态敏感性分析结果,结合景区景观资源空间布局和发展方向,将镜泊湖风景名胜区分为重点保护区、生态缓冲区、限制开发区和适度开发区。将分区结果与景区现状图、景观资源分布图对比,结合实地考察分析：景观价值高且生态敏感性较高的区域,为重点保护区,而生态敏感性低且景观资源价值低的区域可进行服务设施的开发,为适度开发区。基于生态敏感性的景区开发与保护分区研究,从空间上对景区的开发与保护进行了区划,为景区进一步的分级、分类保护规划、景观资源保护规划等提供参考,较好的协调了景区资源开发与生态保护的关系。 5)通过对研究区发展进行SWOT分析,归纳镜泊湖风景名胜区发展的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁,深入认识景区发展现状,进而提出景区可持续发展战略,以期为我国风景名胜区可持续发展提供范例和有益借鉴。
[Abstract]:At present , tourism has become one of the most important economic activities in the world , and the scenic spot area is an important carrier of tourism , and has been paid more attention and attention .

This paper studies the scenic spot of Jingpo Lake from the ecological angle , and discusses the sustainable development of the scenic spot . Through the research on the dynamic and field investigation at home and abroad , the ecological sensitivity of the scenic spot is analyzed and evaluated by using the GIS technology , and the SWOT analysis is carried out on the development of the scenic spot of Jingpo Lake . Finally , the strategy of sustainable development of the scenic spot is put forward . The results of this paper are as follows :

1 ) Firstly , the background and the purpose of the research are elaborated , and the research situation at home and abroad is analyzed comprehensively , based on the present situation of Jingpo Lake scenic spot , the main problems of ecological environment are clear , and then the ecological sensitivity analysis is carried out on the scenic spot .

2 ) In combination with the actual situation of the scenic spot , 14 indexes , such as elevation , soil , water body , biological diversity , landscape value , road traffic and scenic spot planning , were selected from six aspects of terrain , landform , natural conditions , habitat , landscape resources , human interference and policy regulations .

3 ) Judging from the evaluation method , the determination of the evaluation unit , the selection of the evaluation index and the determination of the index weight will have an important influence on the scientific nature and accuracy of the analysis result ;
GIS technology has powerful spatial analysis function : through the combination of graphic processing and spatial data operation , technical support is provided for ecological sensitivity analysis .

4 ) According to the results of ecological sensitivity analysis , combining the spatial layout and development direction of the scenic resources of the scenic spot , the scenic spots of Jingpo Lake are divided into key protection areas , ecological buffer zones , restricted development zones and moderate development zones .

5 ) By SWOT analysis of the development of the research area , the advantages , disadvantages , opportunities and threats of the development of Jingpo Lake scenic spots are summarized , the present situation of the development of the scenic spot is further recognized , and the sustainable development strategy of the scenic spot is put forward with a view to providing an example and beneficial reference for the sustainable development of the scenic spots in China .
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：X24;F592.7

【参考文献】