基于AHP法的山地养生旅游开发条件评价研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 09:46

【摘要】：山地养生旅游是近年来在全球范围内出现的一种新的休闲旅游方式,也是我国旅游产品升级转型的必然趋势。我国山地众多,各地竞相开发建设山地养生旅游目的地。但由于缺乏客观、科学的山地养生旅游开发条件评价标准,致使一些不具备发展山地养生旅游条件的地区“跟风”开发,导致山地养生旅游产品同质化严重,市场竞争激烈。为此,本研究应用AHP法对山地养生旅游开发条件进行定量评价,为各地山地养生旅游开发提供基础性的理论支撑。在对相关文献进行研读的基础上,结合旅游学、生态学、医学等多学科知识,构建了山地养生旅游开发条件评价的层次结构模型。整个层次结构模型共4层,分别是总目标层(A)、评价综合层(B)、评价项目层(C)、评价因子层(D)。总目标层(A)即山地养生旅游开发条件评价；评价综合层(B)包括自然条件(B1)、社会经济条件(B2)2个细分因子；评价项目层(C)包括山地类型(C1)、气候条件(C2)、水体条件(C3)、其他自然条件(C4)、区位条件(C5)、经济条件(C6)、养生资源(C7)、养生设施及服务(C8)等8个细分因子；评价因子层(D)包括低山(D1)、中山(D2)、高山(D3)、气温(D4)、相对湿度(D5)、气压(D6)、水体类型(D7)、水质(D8)、负氧离子(D9)、森林覆盖率(D10)、地理位置(D11)交通状况(D12)、人均GDP(D13)、城市化水平(D14)、宗教养生资源(D15)、中医养生资源(D16)、温泉养生资源(D17)、饮食养生资源(D18)、养老设施(D19)、养生旅游人才(D20)等20个细分因子。通过专家意见征询方式,获得山地养生旅游开发条件评价的层次结构模型中各因子“两两相比”的重要程度值。以此为基础,分别构造各层次判断矩阵。然后借助yaahpO.5.2统计分析软件,计算出各因子的权重,在通过一致性检验后,汇总形成山地养生旅游开发条件定量评价表。该定量评价结果表明： (1)相对于山地养生旅游开发条件评价的总目标层(A)而言,自然条件(B1)较社会经济条件(B2)明显重要。B1的权重值高达0.8333,是B2的4.9倍。 (2)就山地养生旅游开发条件评价的项目层中的自然条件(B1)而言,最重要的因子是气候条件(C2),权重值为0.4205；就山地养生旅游开发条件评价的项目层中的社会经济条件(B2)而言,最重要的因子是区位条件,权重值为0.4134。 (3)就山地养生旅游开发条件评价的因子层而言,权重值超过O.10的有中山(D2=0.1480)、气温(D4=0.2153)；权重值在0.05-0.10之间的有负氧离子(D9=O.0536)、水质(D8=O.0686)、水体类型(D7=O.0686)、低山(D1=O.0814)、相对湿度(D5=0.0940)。上述结果表明,在山地养生旅游开发条件评价的所有因子中,中山、气温最为重要；负氧离子、水质、水体类型、低山、相对湿度等也是较为重要的因素。
[Abstract]:Mountain health tourism is a new form of leisure tourism in the world in recent years, and it is also an inevitable trend of upgrading and transformation of tourism products in China. There are many mountain areas in China, all over the race to develop and build mountain health tourism destination. However, due to the lack of objective and scientific evaluation criteria for the development conditions of mountain health tourism, some areas that do not have the conditions to develop mountain health tourism "follow the trend", which leads to the serious homogeneity of mountain health tourism products and the fierce market competition. Therefore, the AHP method is used to quantitatively evaluate the conditions of mountain health tourism development, and to provide basic theoretical support for the development of mountain health tourism. On the basis of studying the related literature and combining the knowledge of tourism ecology medicine and other subjects a hierarchical model for evaluating the conditions of mountain health tourism development was established. The whole hierarchy model is composed of four layers, which are the total target level, (A), evaluation, synthesis layer, (B), evaluation, project level, (C), evaluation factor layer, (D). The total objective layer (A) is the evaluation of the conditions of mountain health tourism development, and the comprehensive layer (B) includes two subdivision factors: natural condition (B1), social and economic condition (B2). The (C) of project layer includes 8 subdivision factors, such as mountain type (C1), climatic condition (C2), water condition (C3), other natural condition (C4), location condition (C5), economic condition (C6), health preservation resource (C7), health facilities and service (C8). The assessment factor layer (D) includes low mountain (D1), Zhongshan (D2), alpine (D3), air temperature (D4), relative humidity (D5), pressure (D6), water type (D7), water quality (D8), negative oxygen ion (D9), forest cover (D10), geographical location (D11), traffic status (D12), per capita GDP (D13), urbanization level (D14), religious health preservation level (D14). Resources (D15), traditional Chinese medicine (D16), hot springs (D17), diet and health (D18), old-age facilities (D19), health tourism talents (D20), and so on. By the way of expert consultation, the important degree value of each factor "pairwise ratio" in the hierarchy structure model of mountain health tourism development condition evaluation is obtained. On the basis of this, the judgement matrix at each level is constructed. Then with the help of yaahpO.5.2 statistical analysis software, the weight of each factor is calculated, and after the consistency test, the quantitative evaluation table of the conditions of mountain health tourism development is formed. The quantitative evaluation results show that: (1) compared with the total target layer (A) of mountain health tourism development condition evaluation, Natural conditions (B1) are significantly more important than socio-economic conditions (B2). The weight of B1 is as high as 0.8333, 4.9 times that of B2. (2) in terms of natural conditions (B1) in the project layer of evaluation of the conditions for tourism development in mountain areas, The most important factor is climatic condition (C2) with a weight of 0.4205. In terms of social and economic conditions (B2) in the project level of the evaluation of the conditions for the development of mountain health tourism, the most important factor is the location condition. The weight value is 0.4134. (3) in terms of the factor layer of the evaluation of the condition of mountain health tourism development, the factors with the weight value above 0.10 are Zhongshan (D2C0.1480), air temperature (D40.2153), negative oxygen ion (D9=O.0536), water quality (D8=O.0686), water type (D7=O.0686), low mountain (D1=O.0814), relative humidity (D50.940), and the weight value is 0.05-0.10. The results show that the temperature is the most important factor in the evaluation of mountain health tourism development condition, and the negative oxygen ion, water quality, water body type, low mountain, relative humidity are also the more important factors.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F592.7;F224

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