西北五省区区域旅游业发展综合评价及系统分析

发布时间：2019-03-21 15:19

【摘要】：自人类进入工业社会以来，旅游业发展速度和效益如同人类自身的文明和财富一样与时俱进。旅游业现已发展为世界上产业规模最大和发展势头最强劲的产业，在近十年的发展历程中，中国旅游业取得了令人瞩目的成就。本文基于区位关系和地缘优势选取西北五省区作为区域旅游业发展的研究对象，分别从宏观和微观两方面对西北五省区的区域旅游产业发展进行综合评价和系统分析，具体基于区域旅游产业发展的均衡性和旅游产业绩效评价这两个角度展开实证研究。第一，通过西北五省区区域旅游产业发展均衡性的综合评价来从宏观角度把握该区域旅游产业的发展现状。具体做法是选取基尼系数这一均衡测度指标，为从社会和自然两方面考量西北五省区区域旅游业发展的均衡性，将旅游收入按人口和各地占有旅游资源分配得出相应的基尼系数，，并将其按国际和国内两个收入来源进行分解，结果显示西北五省区区域旅游业总体由于受到国内旅游业较均衡发展的高贡献率的重大影响而呈现均衡增长，其均衡性呈上升趋势；各省区的国际入境旅游业发展差异较大，但对总体影响的贡献率较低。结合经济学原理中区域均衡理论进行进一步分析得知，一个开放的区域经济系统的发展，在达到完全成熟的发展阶段之前，必然是一个非均衡的系统和过程，追求过分的均衡只能导致区域共同落后。西北五省区的旅游业现正处于“低水平的均衡陷阱”，其旅游业只有打破眼前这种稳定的平衡态，更多地考虑效率而非均衡，区域旅游业在非均衡的状态下发展才能再一次起飞，才能实现可持续发展的目标。第二，通过西北五省区区域旅游产业绩效的系统分析来从微观角度研究该区域旅游产业的发展状况。具体是从总量和质量两方面研究西北五省区旅游产业绩效，在系统分析相关因素对旅游产业绩效的直接和间接影响作用的同时，通过面板数据的固定效应模型以及分位数回归模型，分析相关因素的总体影响以及相关因素的动态影响过程，结果显示西北五省区提升旅游产业绩效，应依托于低级要素到高级要素的逐步释放；注重旅游产业的资本投入和提高各地经济整体实力；在劳动力投入方面注重素质建设；对市场制度建设、对外开放和经济结构服务化水平的影响作用应给予充分关注。最后，根据区域经济发展理论的指导，以从宏观、微观两方面掌握的西北五省区区域旅游产业发展现状为基础，研究突破低水平均衡陷阱，实现区域旅游业可持续发展的目标的政策，具体包括区域内各省区应加强基础设施建设、着力发展旅游特色核心吸引物、打造精品旅游线路、加强区域旅游合作及转变营销观念。
[Abstract]:Since human beings entered the industrial society, the speed and benefits of tourism development are as fast as the civilization and wealth of human beings. Tourism has developed into the largest and most powerful industry in the world. In the past ten years, China's tourism industry has made remarkable achievements. Based on the location relationship and geographical advantages, this paper selects the five provinces and regions of northwest as the research object of regional tourism development, and makes a comprehensive evaluation and systematic analysis of the regional tourism industry development of the five provinces and regions of northwest China from the macro-and micro-aspects, respectively. Based on the balance of regional tourism industry development and tourism industry performance evaluation, an empirical study is carried out. Firstly, through the comprehensive evaluation of the balanced development of regional tourism industry in five provinces and regions of northwest China, this paper holds the current situation of regional tourism industry development from a macro point of view. The specific approach is to select the Gini coefficient as a balanced measure index, in order to consider the balance of regional tourism development in the five provinces and regions of northwest China from both social and natural aspects. The corresponding Gini coefficient is derived from the distribution of tourism revenues by population and local ownership of tourism resources, and broken down by two sources of income, international and domestic, The results show that the regional tourism industry in Northwest China has a balanced growth due to the high contribution rate of the domestic tourism industry, and its balance is on the rise. The development of international inbound tourism is different among provinces and regions, but the contribution to the overall impact is low. In combination with the theory of regional equilibrium in economics, we know that the development of an open regional economic system is bound to be an unbalanced system and process before it reaches a fully mature stage of development. The pursuit of excessive equilibrium can only lead to regional backwardness. The tourism industry in the five northwest provinces is now in a "low-level equilibrium trap," and its tourism industry only breaks this stable equilibrium at the moment and pays more attention to efficiency than to equilibrium. The development of regional tourism in the unbalanced state can take off again and achieve the goal of sustainable development. Secondly, through the systematic analysis of the regional tourism industry performance of the northwest five provinces and regions, this paper studies the development of the regional tourism industry from the micro point of view. Specifically, the paper studies the tourism industry performance from the total quantity and the quality, and analyzes the direct and indirect effects of the related factors on the tourism industry performance, at the same time, it also analyzes the direct and indirect effects of the related factors on the tourism industry performance. Through the fixed effect model of panel data and the quantile regression model, this paper analyzes the overall influence of related factors and the dynamic influence process of related factors. The results show that the five provinces and regions of northwest China improve the performance of tourism industry. We should rely on the gradual release of low-level elements to high-level elements; Pay attention to the capital investment of tourism industry and improve the overall strength of the economy, pay attention to the construction of quality in the aspect of labor input, and give full attention to the influence of market system construction, opening up to the outside world and the service level of economic structure. Finally, according to the guidance of the theory of regional economic development, based on the current situation of regional tourism industry development in northwest five provinces and regions from macro-and micro-aspects, the paper breaks through the trap of low-level equilibrium. Policies to achieve the goal of sustainable development of regional tourism include, in particular, that the provinces and regions of the region should strengthen the construction of infrastructure, focus on the development of core attraction primers for tourism characteristics, and create fine tourism routes. Strengthen regional tourism cooperation and change marketing concept.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592.7

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