水稻烘干经营模式及农户采纳因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 21:09

本文关键词：水稻烘干经营模式及农户采纳因素研究　出处：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水稻是我国的主要粮食作物之一,常年种植面积约为3000万公顷,产量占粮食总产量的35%左右。南方地区气候湿润,雨量充沛,是我国水稻的主要产区,水稻收获时含水率高、气候湿润,如不及时进行干燥,很容易发生霉烂芽变,给农户造成损失,甚至影响国家粮食安全,因此发展和推广水稻烘干机械具有重大意义。近年来,在各级政府部门的大力推广下,我国粮食烘干机械化水平有了明显的提高。至2013年底全国粮食烘干机械保有量为4.28万台,机械烘干粮食量为7529.3万吨。但目前我国烘干机械化水平仍然较低,使用机械烘干稻谷的农户还很少,为农户提供烘干服务的烘干中心数量也不多。本文通过对长江中下游地区几个水稻主产省的农户使用机械烘干的情况和烘干机械发展情况的调查,运用统计分析方法和二元选择logit模型对农户采纳机械烘干的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,农户家庭种植规模和非农收入占比是影响农户选择使用机械烘干与否的主要因素,种植规模的大小与农户采纳意愿和行为正相关,而非农收入占比与农户的采纳负相关;此外,烘干服务费的高低、户主的性别和年龄也对农户的采纳机械烘干的意愿有一定影响。另一方面,通过对三个典型经营模式烘干中心的经济效益对比分析发现,自营兼对外经营服务型烘干中心的单位烘干成本小,收益高,经济效益好,适合我国目前烘干机械发展的现状。但是,三种模式的烘干中心都存在机具利用率低的问题,经济效益还具有较大的提升空间。同时,又对典型的烘干中心年均作业量进行了优化分析,得出三个典型烘干中心满足经济性要求作业量的临界值。最后,本文通过总结目前我国烘干机械发展面临的问题,结合实地调研中农户和烘干机械经营者所反映的情况,对烘干机械的发展提出了一些建议。
[Abstract]:Rice is one of the main grain crops in China, the annual planting area of 30 million hectares, the total yield of grain production accounted for about 35%. The South humid climate, abundant rainfall, is the main producing areas of China's rice, rice with high moisture content, humid climate, such as not timely drying, easy to mildew bud, causing losses to farmers, and even affect national food security, so the development and promotion of rice drying machinery is of great significance. In recent years, in the promotion of government departments at all levels, the level of China's grain drying machinery has been significantly improved. By the end of 2013 the national grain drying machinery ownership to 42 thousand and 800 units, grain drying machinery the amount of 75 million 293 thousand tons. But the drying mechanization level in China is still low, the use of mechanical drying rice farmers are few, the number of drying drying center to provide services for farmers. This is not much Based on the investigation of the Yangtze River region several rice producing Province farmers use mechanical drying conditions and drying machinery development, influencing factors by the method of statistical analysis of two yuan and choose the logit model to farmers' adoption of mechanical drying were analyzed. The results show that the agricultural households planting scale and proportion of non-agricultural income is the main factor farmers choose to use mechanical drying or not, is related to the size and scale of Planting Farmers' adoption intention and behavior, and the proportion of non-agricultural income and farmers adopt negative correlation; in addition, the drying service fee level, have a certain influence the gender and age of farmers' willingness to adopt mechanical drying. On the other hand by contrast, the economic benefits of three typical operation mode of drying center analysis found that the unit cost of drying and self foreign business service center of a small high yield drying, Good economic benefits, suitable for China's current development status. But the drying machine, drying center of the three modes exist the problem of low equipment utilization, economic benefits is improved. At the same time, the typical annual amount of Drying Center was optimized, obtained three typical drying center to meet the critical the value of economic demand amount of work. Finally, this paper summarizes the current development of drying machinery in China are faced with the problem, combined with field research in farmers and drying machinery operators reflected the situation, some suggestions on the development of drying machine is put forward.

【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.3

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