永嘉县农村饮用水安全现状及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 06:14

本文选题：永嘉县　切入点：饮水安全　出处：《浙江海洋大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水是人类赖以生存不可或缺的物质,近些年来随着我国工业化和城市化水平的快速提高,从普通公民到社会的其他各行各业均在不断提高对供水的需求,因此保障农村饮用水安全直接关系到农民的生活和健康,同时,也是全面建设小康社会的基本条件。由于我国农村人口众多、水资源短缺,农村饮用水水质、水量不达标等等一系列问题,使我们不得不面对目前我国农村饮用水存在的安全隐患问题。永嘉县是我国浙江省南部的一个小县城,其东部濒临东海,与工业发达的温州市区隔江相望。永嘉县全县总面积为2674.3平方公里,但山区众多仅山地面积就达到2308.5平方公里,占总面积的80%以上,而平原面积却只有265.0平方公里,河流湖泊数量少之又少,还不到总面积的20%,河流湖泊面积仅有100.8平方公里,所以人们用“八山一水一分田”来生动形象地描述了永嘉县目前各项资源的现状。本文以永嘉县农村饮水安全为例,认真阐述了农村饮用水卫生管理的相关理论体系,包括《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006)、农村饮用水安全卫生评价指标体系,以及阐述了科学发展理论、公共治理理论等。本文对永嘉县农村饮用水的现状进行了详细的调查,发现农村供水普遍存在饮用水水质达标率不高、污染日益严重、供水不足以及安全管理不到位等突出问题。本文在全面分析每个问题的原因基础上,借鉴国外发达国家对农村饮水安全研究经验,再结合永嘉县农村饮用水的现状和问题,提出进一步完善科学改水的对策建议对策:政府监管部门职能进一步明确政府部门加大资金投入、加大监督管理力度,发挥各自职能,同时要加强水源保护,建立健全保护农村水源地的法律法规,进一步加强农村污水治理加强宣传引导,营造良好氛围等,为永嘉县农村科学该是提供重要的参考。
[Abstract]:Water is an indispensable material for human survival. In recent years, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the demand for water supply has been increasing from ordinary citizens to other industries in society. Therefore, ensuring the safety of drinking water in rural areas is directly related to the life and health of farmers, and is also the basic condition for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Because of the large population in rural areas, the shortage of water resources, and the quality of drinking water in rural areas, A series of problems, such as substandard water volume, have forced us to face the potential safety problems existing in drinking water in rural areas. Yongjia County is a small county town in southern Zhejiang Province, and its eastern part is bordered on the East China Sea. Across the river from the industrially developed urban areas of Wenzhou, Yongjia County has a total area of 2,674.3 square kilometers, but the mountainous areas alone amount to 2308.5 square kilometers, accounting for more than 80% of the total area, while the plain area is only 265.0 square kilometers. The number of rivers and lakes is very small, less than 20 percent of the total area. The area of rivers and lakes is only 100.8 square kilometers. Therefore, people use "eight mountains, one water and one field" to vividly describe the present situation of various resources in Yongjia County. Taking Yongjia County as an example, this paper expounds the relevant theoretical system of drinking water sanitation management in rural areas. Including "Sanitary Standard of domestic drinking Water" (GB5749-2006), evaluation index system of drinking water safety in rural areas, scientific development theory and public governance theory, etc. The present situation of rural drinking water in Yongjia County is investigated in detail in this paper. It is found that there are some outstanding problems in rural water supply, such as low quality of drinking water, increasingly serious pollution, insufficient water supply and inadequate safety management, etc. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the causes of each problem, Referring to the experiences of the developed countries in the study of drinking water safety in rural areas, and combining with the present situation and problems of drinking water in rural areas of Yongjia County, This paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the scientific water reform: the functions of the government supervision department should be further defined, the government should increase the investment of funds, strengthen the supervision and management, exert their respective functions, and at the same time, strengthen the protection of water resources. Establishing and perfecting the laws and regulations to protect the rural water sources, further strengthening the rural sewage treatment, strengthening the propaganda and guidance, creating a good atmosphere, etc., which should provide an important reference for the rural science of Yongjia County.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S277.7;F323.213

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