粮食主产区农机合作社生产效率与适度规模经营研究——以黑龙江省玉米生产为例

发布时间：2018-05-02 10:07

本文选题：粮食主产区 + 适度规模经营　；参考：《农业现代化研究》2016年05期

【摘要】：依托新型农业经营主体开展适度规模经营是粮食主产区农业产业发展的必然趋势,对我国城镇化、农业现代化建设具有重要推动作用。以位于黑龙江省玉米核心产区的现代农机合作社为研究对象,通过实地调查获取生产数据,利用数据包络分析方法分析生产效率及适度经营规模,探讨典型样本生产效率的影响因素。结果表明:调查样本中27.2%的现代农机合作社是DEA有效的,现有条件下样本合作社适度经营规模为873.3-966.7 hm2。生产和管理水平低导致产出不足是影响低效率样本生产效率的主要因素;在资源配置合理的前提下适度扩大种植规模,将对所在地区农业生产效率的提升起到积极的促进作用。因此,针对目前粮食主产区农机合作社在规模化生产过程中存在的生产资料投入不合理、大型农机具利用率低等问题,提出合作社管理人员应强化学习意识,定期组织成员参加农机、农艺技术培训;规范生产管理规程,执行标准化生产;构建农机租赁平台,提高大型农机具利用效率等改进建议。
[Abstract]:It is an inevitable trend for the development of the agricultural industry in the main grain producing area to carry out moderate scale management relying on the new agricultural management subject. It plays an important role in the urbanization of China and the construction of agricultural modernization. Taking the modern agricultural machinery cooperative in Heilongjiang corn core production area as the research object, the production data and the data are obtained by field investigation. The method of envelope analysis is used to analyze the production efficiency and the appropriate scale of operation, and to discuss the factors affecting the efficiency of typical sample production. The results show that 27.2% of the Modern Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives in the survey sample are DEA effective. Under the existing conditions, the moderate operation scale of the sample cooperatives is 873.3-966.7 hm2. production and low management level, which leads to the low output. The main factor of efficiency sample production efficiency; under the premise of rational allocation of resources, the appropriate expansion of the planting scale will play a positive role in promoting the agricultural production efficiency in the region. Therefore, the production data in the large-scale production process of Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives in the main grain producing area is unreasonable, large agricultural machinery and equipment. The problem of low utilization rate is put forward. It is suggested that the cooperative managers should strengthen their learning consciousness, organize members to participate in agricultural machinery and agricultural technology training regularly, standardize production management regulations, implement standardized production, build farm machinery rental platform, and improve the utilization efficiency of large agricultural machines.

【作者单位】：东北农业大学经济管理学院;黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDA041) 黑龙江省博士后落户启动基金(LBH-Q12159) 黑龙江省高等学校合作经济与现代农业科研团队项目(2013-590004)~~
【分类号】：F324.2;F326.11

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