青海省东部地区土地利用变化及其驱动力研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 10:50

本文选题：土地利用变化 + 土地利用转移矩阵　；参考：《青海师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着我国经济的发展,城市化进程也越来越快,人类对土地资源开发过程中出现了诸多问题,如何合理利用有限的土地资源实现区域可持续发展是当今学者研究的重大问题。在导师的青海省科学技术厅软科学基金项目《青海省东部城市群资源环境承载力研究》(2015-ZJ-602)资助下,本文以青海省“十二五”社会发展规划纲要中提出的青海省东部城市群范围为依据界定了研究区,借助Arcgis、ENVI、Erdas软件,对2000年、2005年、2013年三期landsat遥感影像进行监督分类,得到青海省东部地区三期土地利用分类数据,在此基础上从土地数量、利用程度、用地结构和地区差异等方面分析了研究区2000-2013年间土地利用变化规律,并定量和定性相结合分析了引起东部地区土地利用变化的驱动因素。总结了青海省东部地区各类土地利用中存在的问题并提出相应对策及建议。本文的主要研究结论有:(1)2000年至2013年青海省东部地区的主要土地利用类型是草地、林地和耕地。土地利用变化的主要趋势为:草地、耕地、未利用地的面积出现不同幅度的减少,而建设用地、林地、水域的面积有所增加。2000年至2005年增加幅度最大的是林地,为6.61%。2005年至2013年增加幅度最大的是建设用地,为55.53%。总体上看,研究区土地利用变化幅度和规模都比较大。(2)青海省东部地区各种土地利用类型之间的相互转化情况为:2000年至2013年耕地主要转为建设用地和林地。未利用地主要转变为林地和耕地。建设用地的转入面积最大,为25878.22 hm2。耕地的转出面积为107263.96 hm2,反映出建设用地的扩展挤占了耕地。青海省东部地区土地利用综合指数持续上升,由2000年的195.54上升到2013年的222.70,增加了27.16。土地利用程度变化率分别为0.0017和0.136,都大于0,土地利用程度处于中等水平。说明青海省东部地区土地利用正处于发展期,未利用地还具有一定的开发潜力。(3)由于青海省东部地区位于湟水谷地,地形、地貌以及水资源成为该区域扩张的基础性限制因素。人口的增长和经济的发展成为该地区发展的内在动力,政策和制度的引导控制着该地区发展的方向和各土地利用类型结构组合。进一步运用主成分分析模型进行定量分析,城镇化发展水平和社会经济发展水平是导致青海省东部地区土地利用变化的驱动因素。(4)青海省东部地区土地可持续利用过程中,主要存在建设用地供需矛盾突出、耕地后备资源不足等问题。可以通过编制科学合理的用地规划和发展规划、调整土地利用结构、规划产业布局等措施,解决上述问题。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy, the process of urbanization is getting faster and faster. There are many problems in the development of land resources. How to make use of limited land resources to realize regional sustainable development is an important problem that scholars study today. Supported by the tutor's soft Science Foundation Project of the Department of Science and Technology of Qinghai Province "Research on the carrying capacity of Resources and Environment of Urban agglomeration in Eastern Qinghai Province" (2015-ZJ-602), Based on the scope of urban agglomeration in eastern Qinghai Province proposed in the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Social Development of Qinghai Province, this paper defines the study area. With the help of the software Arcgis-ENVII-Erdas, this paper carries out the monitoring and classification of three landsat remote sensing images in 2000, 2005 and 2013. The land use classification data of three periods in the eastern part of Qinghai Province were obtained. Based on the data, the changes of land use between 2000 and 2013 were analyzed from the aspects of land quantity, utilization degree, land use structure and regional differences. The driving factors of land use change in eastern China are analyzed by combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. The problems existing in land use in eastern Qinghai province are summarized and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. From 2000 to 2013, the main types of land use in the eastern part of Qinghai Province are grassland, woodland and cultivated land. The main trends of land use change are as follows: the area of grassland, cultivated land and unused land has decreased by different extent, while the area of construction land, forest land and water area has increased. The largest increase is in forest land from 2000 to 2005. The biggest increase between 2005 and 2013 was for construction land, which was 55.53. On the whole, the extent and scale of land use change in the study area are relatively large. 2) in the eastern part of Qinghai Province, the conversion of various land use types is as follows: from 2000 to 2013, the cultivated land is mainly converted into construction land and forest land. Unused land is mainly converted to woodland and cultivated land. Construction land turned into the largest area, 25878.22 hm2. The conversion area of cultivated land is 107263.96 hm ~ 2, which shows that the expansion of construction land overruns the cultivated land. The composite index of land use in eastern Qinghai province continued to rise from 195.54 in 2000 to 222. 70 in 2013, an increase of 27. 16. The change rates of land use degree were 0.0017 and 0.136, respectively, which were above 0, and the land use degree was in the middle level. The results show that the land use in the eastern part of Qinghai Province is in the developing period, and the unused land has a certain development potential.) because the eastern part of Qinghai Province is located in the Huangshui valley, the topography, geomorphology and water resources are the basic limiting factors for the expansion of the region. Population growth and economic development become the internal driving force of the development of the region. The guidance of policy and system controls the development direction of the region and the structure combination of various land use types. Further quantitative analysis with principal component analysis model shows that the development level of urbanization and the level of social economic development are the driving factors of land use change in the eastern part of Qinghai Province. The main problems are the contradiction between supply and demand of construction land and the shortage of cultivated land reserve resources. These problems can be solved by making scientific and reasonable land use planning and development planning, adjusting the land use structure, and planning the industrial layout.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F301.2

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