水旱轮作模式和灌溉方式对西南地区水稻灌溉用水效率的影响

发布时间：2018-06-03 11:54

本文选题：水旱轮作 + 灌溉方式　；参考：《资源科学》2017年06期

【摘要】：水资源短缺是制约中国农业生产安全的主要瓶颈,提高用水效率是节水型社会建设的根本要求,测度不同轮作模式、灌溉方式下的水稻灌溉用水效率,对于合理安排种植结构、选择节水模式、完善灌溉用水政策尤为重要。本文基于西南地区797份水稻种植户的调查数据,构建DEA-Tobit模型,测度和分析农户灌溉用水效率,探讨不同水旱轮作模式、灌溉方式对水稻灌溉用水效率的影响,并对变量中存在的内生性问题进行解决。结果表明:总体上水稻灌溉用水效率平均为0.1378,规模效率平均为0.5498,纯技术效率平均为0.2745,水资源利用改进空间较大;轮作作物经济收益大致与水稻灌溉用水效率呈显著性负相关,轮作方式节水效果与灌溉用水效率呈显著性正相关;水资源禀赋程度将水旱轮作模式对水稻灌溉用水效率的影响系数提高了0.10%,将灌溉方式的影响系数拉低了2.04%。提出因地制宜合理引导和安排"水旱轮作-灌溉方式"组合模式;平原地区强调规模化种植和区域性灌溉,山区注重集约化、精细化灌溉;根据作物生长周期合理安排灌溉用水行为等政策建议。
[Abstract]:The shortage of water resources is the main bottleneck restricting the safety of agricultural production in China. Improving the efficiency of water use is the fundamental requirement of the construction of water-saving society. To measure the water use efficiency of rice irrigation under different rotation patterns and irrigation methods, we should arrange the planting structure reasonably. It is very important to choose water saving mode and perfect irrigation water policy. Based on the survey data of 797 rice growers in Southwest China, this paper constructs DEA-Tobit model, measures and analyzes the irrigation efficiency of farmers, and probes into the effects of different cropping patterns and irrigation methods on the irrigation water use efficiency of rice. And to solve the endogenous problem in the variables. The results showed that the average water use efficiency of rice irrigation was 0.1378, the average scale efficiency was 0.5498, the average pure technical efficiency was 0.2745, the space for improvement of water resources utilization was large, and the economic benefit of crop rotation was negatively correlated with irrigation water use efficiency of rice. The water saving effect of rotation was positively correlated with irrigation water use efficiency, and the influence coefficient of water resource endowment on rice irrigation water efficiency was increased by 0.10, and the influence coefficient of irrigation mode was reduced by 2.04. The combination mode of "flood and drought rotation-irrigation mode" is put forward according to local conditions, in plain area, large-scale planting and regional irrigation are emphasized, and intensive and fine irrigation is emphasized in mountainous area. According to crop growth cycle reasonable arrangement of irrigation water use behavior and other policy recommendations.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学经济学院;四川农业大学管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(14XGL003) 四川省农村发展研究中心资助项目(CR1624)
【分类号】：F323.213;S511

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